Intrascleral Nerve Loops

3D-Reconstruction of the human conventional outflow system by ribbon scanning confocal microscopy

“…In the anterior segment, the long ciliary nerve has prominent branches of unknown function, termed Axenfeld loops [23]. Reese described them as a retroverted nerve loop positioned on the scleral surface, with occasionally accompanying cyst-like structures that are more prominent in glaucoma [24]. With our present clearing protocol, we could not perform immunohistology on cleared specimens to confirm that these characteristic structures that were present in all quadrants were in fact nerve loops.…”

“…Outlines of the projections of long ciliary nerves, known as Axenfeld loops [22][23][24], could readily be seen before clearing and were later identified in Imaris as dark structures not labeled with lectins surrounded by microvessels resembling the perineurium. They were followed through slice mode to determine their path.…”

3D-Reconstruction of the human conventional outflow system by ribbon scanning confocal microscopy

“…In the anterior segment, the long ciliary nerve has prominent branches of unknown function, termed Axenfeld loops [23]. Reese described them as a retroverted nerve loop positioned on the scleral surface, with occasionally accompanying cyst-like structures that are more prominent in glaucoma [24]. With our present clearing protocol, we could not perform immunohistology on cleared specimens to confirm that these characteristic structures that were present in all quadrants were in fact nerve loops.…”

“…Outlines of the projections of long ciliary nerves, known as Axenfeld loops [22][23][24], could readily be seen before clearing and were later identified in Imaris as dark structures not labeled with lectins surrounded by microvessels resembling the perineurium. They were followed through slice mode to determine their path.…”

3D-Reconstruction of the Human Conventional Outflow System by Ribbon Scanning Confocal Microscopy

“…In the anterior segment, the long ciliary nerve has prominent branches of unknown function, termed Axenfeld loops [22] . Reese described them as a retroverted nerve loop positioned on the scleral surface, with occasionally accompanying cyst-like structures that are more prominent in glaucoma [23] .…”

Evidence That Anterior Episcleral Nerve Sheath Tumors Arise From the Axenfeld Nerve Loop

“…11,12 The nerve loop of Axenfeld is an anastomotic interconnection of the long ciliary nerve that occasionally turns to enter the sclera before turning back again to continue anteriorly to the ciliary body. 13 The loops occur in the area 2 to 4 mm posterior to the limbus, and no loops occur in the zones directly anterior to the medial and lateral rectus tendons. 9 Anterior episcleral nerve sheath tumors have a topographic distribution similar to the Axenfeld nerve loop, permitting speculation of their relationship.…”

3D-Reconstruction of the human conventional outflow system by ribbon scanning confocal microscopy

“…In the anterior segment, the long ciliary nerve has prominent branches of unknown function, termed Axenfeld loops [23]. Reese described them as a retroverted nerve loop positioned on the scleral surface, with occasionally accompanying cyst-like structures that are more prominent in glaucoma [24]. With our present clearing protocol, we could not perform immunohistology on cleared specimens to confirm that these characteristic structures that were present in all quadrants were in fact nerve loops.…”

“…Outlines of the projections of long ciliary nerves, known as Axenfeld loops [22][23][24], could readily be seen before clearing and were later identified in Imaris as dark structures not labeled with lectins surrounded by microvessels resembling the perineurium. They were followed through slice mode to determine their path.…”

3D-Reconstruction of the Human Conventional Outflow System by Ribbon Scanning Confocal Microscopy

“…In the anterior segment, the long ciliary nerve has prominent branches of unknown function, termed Axenfeld loops [22] . Reese described them as a retroverted nerve loop positioned on the scleral surface, with occasionally accompanying cyst-like structures that are more prominent in glaucoma [23] .…”

Evidence That Anterior Episcleral Nerve Sheath Tumors Arise From the Axenfeld Nerve Loop

“…11,12 The nerve loop of Axenfeld is an anastomotic interconnection of the long ciliary nerve that occasionally turns to enter the sclera before turning back again to continue anteriorly to the ciliary body. 13 The loops occur in the area 2 to 4 mm posterior to the limbus, and no loops occur in the zones directly anterior to the medial and lateral rectus tendons. 9 Anterior episcleral nerve sheath tumors have a topographic distribution similar to the Axenfeld nerve loop, permitting speculation of their relationship.…”

3D-Reconstruction of the human conventional outflow system by ribbon scanning confocal microscopy

“…In the anterior segment, the long ciliary nerve has prominent branches of unknown function, termed Axenfeld loops [23]. Reese described them as a retroverted nerve loop positioned on the scleral surface, with occasionally accompanying cyst-like structures that are more prominent in glaucoma [24]. With our present clearing protocol, we could not perform immunohistology on cleared specimens to confirm that these characteristic structures that were present in all quadrants were in fact nerve loops.…”

“…Outlines of the projections of long ciliary nerves, known as Axenfeld loops [22][23][24], could readily be seen before clearing and were later identified in Imaris as dark structures not labeled with lectins surrounded by microvessels resembling the perineurium. They were followed through slice mode to determine their path.…”

3D-Reconstruction of the Human Conventional Outflow System by Ribbon Scanning Confocal Microscopy

“…In the anterior segment, the long ciliary nerve has prominent branches of unknown function, termed Axenfeld loops [22] . Reese described them as a retroverted nerve loop positioned on the scleral surface, with occasionally accompanying cyst-like structures that are more prominent in glaucoma [23] .…”

Evidence That Anterior Episcleral Nerve Sheath Tumors Arise From the Axenfeld Nerve Loop

“…11,12 The nerve loop of Axenfeld is an anastomotic interconnection of the long ciliary nerve that occasionally turns to enter the sclera before turning back again to continue anteriorly to the ciliary body. 13 The loops occur in the area 2 to 4 mm posterior to the limbus, and no loops occur in the zones directly anterior to the medial and lateral rectus tendons. 9 Anterior episcleral nerve sheath tumors have a topographic distribution similar to the Axenfeld nerve loop, permitting speculation of their relationship.…”