Intimacy, loneliness and sexual offenders

Marshall, William L.

doi:10.1016/0005-7967(89)90083-1

Cited by 405 publications

(279 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The results of the present study are also consistent with findings previous studies on loneliness in sex offenders (e.g. Bumby & Hansen, 1997;Bumby & Marshall, 1994;Garlick, Marshall, & Thornton, 1996;Marshall, 1989;Seidman, Marshall, Hudson & Robertson, 1994). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Attachment Styles and Psychological Profiles of Child Sex Offenders in Ireland

Marsa

O’Reilly²,

Carr

et al. 2004

J Interpers Violence

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Acknowledgements: This project was partially funded by grants from the Department of Justice, Equality and Law Reform and the Eastern Regional Health Authority. Thanks to all colleagues in the prison services, the community employment scheme, the wholesale company and the TCD research panel for their co-operation and assistance. Results. A secure adult attachment style was four times less common in the child sex offender group than in any of the other three groups. 93% of sex offenders had an insecure adult attachment style and the majority (59%) had a fearful-insecure attachment style. Compared with community controls, the child sex offender group reported significantly lower levels of maternal and paternal care and significantly higher levels of maternal and paternal overprotection during their childhood. Compared with all three comparison groups, the child sexual offenders reported significantly more emotional loneliness and a more external locus of control.With respect to anger management, the child sexual offenders' profile more closely approximated those of non-violent offenders and community controls than that of violent offenders. Conclusions.Insecure attachment was a vulnerability factor uniquely associated with child sex offending in this study. Compared with violent and non-violent offenders and community controls, the child sexual offenders evaluated in this study were also characterized by poorer psychosocial adjustment and an anger management profile closer to the normal range than that of violent offenders.Attachment Styles 4

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Attachment Styles and Psychological Profiles of Child Sex Offenders in Ireland

Marsa

O’Reilly²,

Carr

et al. 2004

J Interpers Violence

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“…The inspection of sex offender's criminal behavior has lead researchers to conclude that they make a series of rational decisions to obtain sexual gratifications through illicit means, such as victim selection, determining crime location, planning victim transport to the crime site, and choosing a method of attack (e.g., Beauregard, Proulx, Rossmo, Leclerc, & Allaire, 2007;Deslauriers-Varin & Beauregard, 2010). The rational and strategic sex offender may use deception, manipulation, alcohol/drugs, coercion, threat and/or physical violence to obtain sexual gratifications (e.g., Koss, Gidycz,&Wisniewski, 1987; Leclerc, 1 Like market offences (e.g., Tremblay & Morselli, 2000), sex crimes provide a variety of benefits to the offender, including psychological benefits such as intimacy, self-esteem, excitement (thrill), power, control, and retribution (Felson, 2002;Groth, 1979;Knight & Prentky, 1990;Marshall, 1989;Baumeister, Catanese, & Wallace, 2002). However, sex crimes can provide sexual gratifications to the offender, something that feminists (e.g., Brownmiller, 1975) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Patterns of criminal achievement in sexual offending: Unravelling the “successful” sex offender

Lussier

Bouchard

Beauregard

2011

Journal of Criminal Justice

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Purpose: The current study examines significant variations in criminal achievement across sex offenders. To examine the "successful" sex offender, the study proposes a concept of achievement in sexual offending defined as the ability to maximize the payoffs of a crime opportunity while minimizing the costs. Methods: The study is based on a sample of convicted adult male sex offenders using retrospective longitudinal data. Results: The study findings show a wide variation in criminal achievement, a variation that is not correlated with the severity of sentences meted out or the actuarial risk scores obtained by these offenders. Those offenders who specialize in sex crimes were shown to be the most productive and least detected offenders. Two types of successful offenders emerge, the first relying on his conventional background in targeting a victim that can be repeatedly abused for a long period without detection. The second is a younger offender that is successful in the sense of being able to complete aggressions on multiple victims. Conclusions: Results suggest that the successful sex offender is not "detected" once he enters the criminal justice system, nor is he handled in a way that may deter him from sexually reoffending in the future.REFERENCE: Lussier, P., Bouchard, M. & Beauregard, E. (2011). Patterns of criminal achievement in sexual offending: Unravelling the "successful" sex offender. Journal of Criminal Justice, 39,[433][434][435][436][437][438][439][440][441][442][443][444] Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to P. Lussier, Pavillon Charles-De Koninck, 1030, ave. des Sciences-Humaines, Quebec, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada. Tel.: +1 418 656 2131x5978. E-mail address: patrick.lussier@svs.ulaval.ca. PATTERNS OF CRIMINAL ACHIEVEMENT IN SEXUAL OFFENDING 2Patterns of criminal achievement in sexual offending: Unravelling the "successful" sex offender After more than 50 years of research on sexual recidivism, researchers have been unable to provide a formal evidence-based explanation of the criminal activity of sexual offenders. The risk factor approach taken and pursued over the years have restrained possibilities of understanding the criminal career dynamics of individuals committing sex offences and recent empirical studies have emphasized the need to correct this (e.g., Amirault & Lussier, 2011; Lussier & Davies, in press;Lussier, Tzoumakis, Cale, & Amirault, 2010). In that regard, this study is a departure from past research on this issue. The aim is not to identify a predictive model of sexual recidivism but rather to understand what is being predicted and who is being identified in the process. Sexual recidivism or in more technical terms, sexual rearrest and sexual reconviction, have become the gold standard measures to determine risk. While researchers have acknowledged that "official recidivism" carries an important limitation (i.e., it measures official reoffending or the likelihood or being caught, again), it has served to establish the risk of recidivism, the prevalen...

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“…Dans le cadre de notre théorie générale (Marshall 1992), nous avons présenté les attachements de l'enfance (Marshall, Hudson et Hodkinson, sous presse) et l'intimité pour l'adulte (Marshall, 1989a) comme des facteurs liés à l'étiologie des agressions sexuelles. La vulnérabilité est l'élé-ment crucial qui sous-tend la réponse aberrante de certains hommes quand l'occasion leur est donnée de commettre une agression sexuelle.…”

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Pauvreté des liens d’attachement et déficiences dans les rapports intimes chez les agresseurs sexuels

Marshall¹

2005

crimino

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The nature of parent/child attachments is described and their effects on adolescent and adult intimacy and loneliness are outlined. Poor quality attachments are said to result in loneliness and deficits in intimacy, and these, in turn, make the individual vulnerable to those influences and circumstances that lead to sexual offending. These processes are one of the most important sets of factors in our more general theory of the etiology and maintenance of sexually offensive behavior. Implications for the assessment and treatment of sex offenders are derived

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Intimacy, loneliness and sexual offenders

Cited by 405 publications

References 34 publications

Attachment Styles and Psychological Profiles of Child Sex Offenders in Ireland

Attachment Styles and Psychological Profiles of Child Sex Offenders in Ireland

Patterns of criminal achievement in sexual offending: Unravelling the “successful” sex offender

Pauvreté des liens d’attachement et déficiences dans les rapports intimes chez les agresseurs sexuels

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