Intestinal permeability changes in rodents: A possible mechanism for degraded carrageenan-induced colitis

Clarifying the confusion between poligeenan, degraded carrageenan, and carrageenan: A review of the chemistry, nomenclature, andin vivotoxicology by the oral route

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Clarifying the confusion between poligeenan, degraded carrageenan, and carrageenan: A review of the chemistry, nomenclature, andin vivotoxicology by the oral route

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The Role of Stress in the Development and Clinical Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Epidemiological Evidence

“…Patients with IBD are nearer reaching a consensus, with 74% believing that psychological factors have played a role in triggering the onset of disease or relapse of their illness [2]. More compellingly, recent studies in animals [3][4][5][6] and humans [7][8][9] have provided stronger evidence for plausible mechanisms by which stress effects could be transduced into gut inflammation, including stressinduced changes in intestinal permeability [10][11][12] and stress-induced changes in mucosal pro-inflammatory cytokines [7].…”

The Effect of Extraction Conditions on Chemical and Thermal Characteristics of Kappa-Carrageenan Extracted fromHypnea bryoides

“…Studying the degradation rate during extraction and the possible causes are of utmost importance, since functionality of carrageenans in most food applications depends on molecular weight and is largely lost if it is below 1.00 × 10 5 Da [41] which was not seen in any of the treatments used. Furthermore, degraded, low molecular carrageenan was reported to cause inflammation in the colon in rodents, which resembles ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease [42]. Therefore, low molecular weight carrageenans were classified by the European Scientific Committee [43] and the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a "possible human carcinogen."…”

Clarifying the confusion between poligeenan, degraded carrageenan, and carrageenan: A review of the chemistry, nomenclature, andin vivotoxicology by the oral route

“……”

The Role of Stress in the Development and Clinical Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Epidemiological Evidence

“…Patients with IBD are nearer reaching a consensus, with 74% believing that psychological factors have played a role in triggering the onset of disease or relapse of their illness [2]. More compellingly, recent studies in animals [3][4][5][6] and humans [7][8][9] have provided stronger evidence for plausible mechanisms by which stress effects could be transduced into gut inflammation, including stressinduced changes in intestinal permeability [10][11][12] and stress-induced changes in mucosal pro-inflammatory cytokines [7].…”

The Effect of Extraction Conditions on Chemical and Thermal Characteristics of Kappa-Carrageenan Extracted fromHypnea bryoides

“…Studying the degradation rate during extraction and the possible causes are of utmost importance, since functionality of carrageenans in most food applications depends on molecular weight and is largely lost if it is below 1.00 × 10 5 Da [41] which was not seen in any of the treatments used. Furthermore, degraded, low molecular carrageenan was reported to cause inflammation in the colon in rodents, which resembles ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease [42]. Therefore, low molecular weight carrageenans were classified by the European Scientific Committee [43] and the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a "possible human carcinogen."…”

Clarifying the confusion between poligeenan, degraded carrageenan, and carrageenan: A review of the chemistry, nomenclature, andin vivotoxicology by the oral route

“……”

The Role of Stress in the Development and Clinical Course of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Epidemiological Evidence

“…Patients with IBD are nearer reaching a consensus, with 74% believing that psychological factors have played a role in triggering the onset of disease or relapse of their illness [2]. More compellingly, recent studies in animals [3][4][5][6] and humans [7][8][9] have provided stronger evidence for plausible mechanisms by which stress effects could be transduced into gut inflammation, including stressinduced changes in intestinal permeability [10][11][12] and stress-induced changes in mucosal pro-inflammatory cytokines [7].…”

The Effect of Extraction Conditions on Chemical and Thermal Characteristics of Kappa-Carrageenan Extracted fromHypnea bryoides

“…Studying the degradation rate during extraction and the possible causes are of utmost importance, since functionality of carrageenans in most food applications depends on molecular weight and is largely lost if it is below 1.00 × 10 5 Da [41] which was not seen in any of the treatments used. Furthermore, degraded, low molecular carrageenan was reported to cause inflammation in the colon in rodents, which resembles ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease [42]. Therefore, low molecular weight carrageenans were classified by the European Scientific Committee [43] and the International Agency for Research on Cancer as a "possible human carcinogen."…”