Intestinal microbial composition changes induced by Lactobacillus plantarum GBL 16, 17 fermented feed and intestinal immune homeostasis regulation in pigs

Abstract

In this study, Rubus coreanus (R. coreanus) byproducts with high polyphenol content were fermented with R. coreanus-derived lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum GBL 16 and 17). Then the effect of R. coreanus-derived lactic acid bacteria fermented feed (RC-LAB fermented feed) with probiotics (Bacillus subtills, Aspergillus oryzae, Yeast) as a feed additive for pigs on the composition of intestinal microbes and the regulation of intestinal immune homeostasis was investigated. Seventy-two finishing Berkshire pigs were randomly allotted to four different treatment groups and 18 replicates. RC-LAB fermented feed with probiotics increased the genera Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, Mitsuokella, Prevotella, Bacteroides spp., Roseburia spp., and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which are beneficial bacteria of the digestive tract of pigs. Also, RC-LAB fermented feed with probiotics decreased the genera Clostridium, Terrisporobacter, Romboutsia, Kandleria, Megasphaera and Escherichia, which are harmful bacteria. In particular, the relative abundance of the genera Lactobacillus and Streptococcus increased by an average of 8.51% and 4.68% in the treatment groups and the classes Clostridia and genera Escherichia decreased by an average of 27.05% and 2.85% in the treatment groups. In mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN) and spleens, the mRNA expression of transcription factors and cytokines in Th1 and Treg cells increased and the mRNA expression of Th2 and Th17 transcription factors and cytokines decreased, indicating a regulatory effect on intestinal immune homeostasis. RC-LAB fermented feed regulates gut immune homeostasis by influencing the composition of beneficial and detrimental microorganisms in the gut and regulating the balance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg cells.

Comparison study between single enzyme and multienzyme complex in distiller’s dred grains with soluble supplemented diet in broiler chicken

“…In addition, gut microbial modulation by Lactobacillus has a positive relationship with gut immune homeostasis and defense systems [30]. These results proposed that dietary DDGS could increase pathogenic bacteria and decrease beneficial bacteria populations; however,…”

“…In accordance with this study, Mountzouris et al also demonstrated that β -galactosidase supplementation could be attributed to the increased level of the Lactobacillus population [ 29 ]. In addition, gut microbial modulation by Lactobacillus has a positive relationship with gut immune homeostasis and defense systems [ 30 ]. These results proposed that dietary DDGS could increase pathogenic bacteria and decrease beneficial bacteria populations; however, proper enzyme inclusion could reverse the population of the pathogenic and beneficial bacteria.…”

Integrative analysis of probiotic-mediated remodeling in canine gut microbiota and metabolites using a fermenter for an intestinal microbiota model

“…The gut microbiota's diversity is crucial, starting with its fundamental role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients. The myriad of microorganisms residing in the gastrointestinal tract play a critical role in breaking down a broad spectrum of dietary fibers and nutrients, leading to enhanced nutrient uptake and improved digestive efficiency (Yu et al, 2022;Zhong et al, 2023). This microbial diversity extends its benefits beyond digestion to bolster the immune system.…”

Effect of Consumption of Animal Products on the Gut Microbiome Composition and Gut Health

“…In addition, high proportions of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were mainly observed in the group that consumed whey protein ( Boscaini et al, 2019 ; Boscaini et al, 2020 ; Boudry et al, 2013 ; McAllan et al, 2014 ; Schaafsma et al, 2021 ; Sprong et al, 2010 ). The combination of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium has been mentioned in one study as a potential candidate strain to be used for immune enhancement, thus an increase in the proportion of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut microbiome could potentially associated with immune enhancing effects ( Yu et al, 2022 ). In two studies by Boscaini et al comparing casein and whey protein, at the family level, the relative abundance of Streptococcaceae was higher in the casein group, and the relative abundance of Lactobacillaceae was higher in the whey protein group.…”