Intestinal apical amino acid absorption during development of the pig

Buddington, Randal K.; Elnif, Jan; Puchal-Gardiner, Anna A.; Sangild, Per Torp

doi:10.1152/ajpregu.2001.280.1.r241

Cited by 58 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Recently, Buddington et al (2001) studied the absorption of five amino acids during the development of the pig. The amino acids were aspartate (acidic), lysine (basic), leucine (neutral), methionine (neutral), and proline (imino).…”

Section: Chapter II Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenesis of peptide transport and morphological changes in the ovine gastrointestinal tract

Poole

Wong

McElroy

et al. 2003

Small Ruminant Research

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Nutrient absorption is important in all stages of life. As the diet of an animal changes from birth on, morphological and biochemical adaptation can be anticipated in order to accommodate changing demands. The main focus of the present study was to examine the relationship between age and diet on the potential for peptide transport via PepT1 in the gastrointestinal tract of lambs and to relate changes of peptide transport capability to morphological changes. A 2x4 factorial arrangement of treatments was used with 32 crossbred lambs. Four blocks were created based upon gender, birth type (single or twin), birth weight, and birth date. Lambs were randomly allotted at birth to receive or not to receive a creep diet. All lambs were allowed to nurse. Sampling times of 2, 4, 6, or 8 wk were randomly allotted to lambs. Samples for RNA extraction and histological evaluation were taken from the dorsal rumen, ventral rumen, omasum, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Villi were about 7% shorter (P < 0.09) in lambs receiving creep feed. Papillary height and width increased linearly (P < 0.001 and P < 0.0001, respectively) with age. Total and keratinized epithelial cells in the stomach decreased (P < 0.03 and P < 0.004, respectively) with age and were fewer (P < 0.0002 and P < 0.0001, respectively) in lambs receiving creep feed. Creep feeding appears to have slightly altered the mucosal structure of the small intestine and it was advantageous in that it iii stimulated papillary growth and thus predisposed the rumen for the introduction of feed into the diet. A 2.8 kb oPepT1 mRNA was present in all tissues studied by 2 wk, and age did not significantly influence the abundance of oPepT1 mRNA in the small intestine or stomach. In the small intestine, abundance of oPepT1 mRNA was greatest (P < 0.0007) in the jejunum. In the stomach, abundance of oPepT1 mRNA was greatest (P < 0.01) in the dorsal rumen. In the stomach, particularly in the rumen, a greater abundance of oPepT1 mRNA was observed in lambs not receiving the creep diet. It seems likely that a stimulus for development is coming from the non-luminal direction, possibly bloodborne, and may be involved in the ontogenesis of oPepT1. Peptide transport appears to be a physiologically important process in the young lamb and the rumen appears to be involved in the transport of peptides, particularly in nursing lambs.

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Section: Chapter II Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenesis of peptide transport and morphological changes in the ovine gastrointestinal tract

Poole

Wong

McElroy

et al. 2003

Small Ruminant Research

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“…After euthanasia, body weight was recorded and the small intestine, from the pyloric sphincter to the ileo-colonic junction, was rapidly removed by cutting along the mesenteric border. Segments were removed from the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the small intestine (17%, 50%, and 83% from the pyloric sphincter, respectively) for measuring intestinal dimensions and nutrient absorption by the "everted sleeve technique" (28). The stomach, pancreas, lungs, liver, spleen, heart, adrenals, and kidneys were collected and weighed (within 5-10 min of death).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The segments of proximal, middle, and distal small intestine were everted and 1 cm sleeves were mounted on steel rods and incubated for 2.0 min in mammalian Ringers solutions (36°C) containing either glucose, one of three amino acids (leucine, lysine, proline) or a dipeptide (glycyl-sarcosine, Gly-Sar, each at 50 mmol L Ϫ1 ), as previously described (28). Accumulation of nutrients by the tissues was quantified by adding trace levels of 14 C-D glucose (ICN Biomedicals, Irvine, CA, U.S.A.), 3 H-L amino acids (New England Nuclear, Boston, MA, U.S.A.), and 3 H-Gly-Sar (Amersham, Canada).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In addition, accumulation of tracer by the tissues in the absence of unlabeled nutrient was divided by accumulation in the presence of 50 mmol L Ϫ1 unlabeled nutrient (accumulation ratio). Accumulation ratios greater than 1.0 indicate that absorption includes a saturable carrier, while ratios similar to 1.0 indicate that the transporters are present in very low densities and absorption is largely by simple diffusion (28).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Prenatal Development of Gastrointestinal Function in the Pig and the Effects of Fetal Esophageal Obstruction

Sangild¹,

Schmidt²,

Elnif³

et al. 2002

Pediatr Res

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Maturation of the fetal gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is influenced by both luminal stimuli (e.g. swallowed fluid) and hormonal factors (e.g. endogenous cortisol release). The aims of the present study were 1) to investigate GIT growth and maturation during the last 20% of gestation in pigs (term ϭ 114 Ϯ 2 d), and 2) to investigate the effect of esophageal ligation, to prevent fetal swallowing, at 80% to 91% gestation. In normal fetuses, marked increases occurred during late gestation in body weight (ϩ95%), relative intestinal weight (ϩ79%, g kg Ϫ1 body weight), activity of some digestive enzymes (1.5-to 10-fold), and absorption of glucose and intact proteins (3-to 6-fold). Fetuses with ligated esophagi had lowered body weight (Ϫ20%), reduced intestinal weight (Ϫ43%), aminopeptidase A activity (Ϫ24%), and glucose absorption (Ϫ27%), while lactase, sucrase, and dipeptidylpeptidase IV activities were increased (ϩ40 -50%), compared with sham-operated fetuses (all p Ͻ 0.05). Other parameters of GIT function remained unchanged by esophageal obstruction (absorption of amino acids and immunoglobulin, activity of chymosin, amylase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, maltase, aminopeptidase N -all expressed per gram GIT tissue). Ligated fetuses had elevated cortisol levels, which is known to stimulate fetal GIT maturation. We conclude that the rapid development of GIT function in late gestation is diminished by esophageal obstruction, mainly due to slower GIT growth and not inhibition of normal functional development of enterocytes. In many species, organ maturation is particularly rapid during the perinatal period. Development of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is stimulated by the transition from mainly parenteral nutrition before birth (via the placenta) to exclusively enteral nutrition after birth. Hence, enteral intake of nutrients in newborns elicits structural and functional GIT changes although the responses vary among species, source of nutrients, and specific GIT functions (1-4).Enteral nutrient intake may also play a role before birth. During the last trimester human fetuses swallow fluid (up to 750 mL d Ϫ1 ) that contains dilute concentrations of protein, free amino acids, and a variety of growth factors (5-7) derived from amniotic fluid and lung and nasal secretions. Although nutrients absorbed from these fluids are estimated to provide 10 -15% of fetal nitrogen requirements (8), and congenital intestinal atresia in humans is associated with fetal growthretardation (9, 10), it remains unclear whether the swallowed fluid is particularly important for the final phases of fetal GIT development. Evidence from humans and experimental animals (sheep, rabbits) suggests that esophageal obstruction may impair growth of the intestine, particularly if obstruction is complete and prevents luminal input in the final stage of gestation (9 -17). The GIT matures relatively early in primates, particularly when compared with laboratory rodents (18). Hence, studies of GIT maturation in species with longer gestation, such as the pig or shee...

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“…The intestine undergoes dramatic structural and functional changes after birth, such as increasing dry mass and absorptive surface area, and changing of membrane permeability and fluidity (Buddington et al, 2001). In addition to these non-specific changes, the absorptive capability per cell and the expression of transporters also alter with age.…”

Section: Mgttvlnlqprarrflpeqfskkapqaykmewknevdvesgpgqpltslaahskegglksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular cloning, tissue distribution and ontogenetic expression of sodium proton exchanger isoform 2 (NHE-2) mRNA in the small intestine of pigs

Feng

AiMin

Zou

et al. 2009

Animal

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Molecular cloning, tissue distribution and ontogenetic regulation of sodium/proton exchanger isoform 2 (NHE-2) mRNA expression were evaluated in the pig small intestine during postnatal development. The 2872-bp porcine full cDNA sequence of the NHE-2 (EF672046) cloned in this study showed 80% and 70% homology with known human and mouse gene sequence, respectively. Hydrophobic prediction suggests 13 putative membrane-spanning domains within porcine NHE-2. The porcine NHE-2 mRNA was detected in the brain, liver, kidney, heart, lung, small intestine and muscle. The small intestine had the highest NHE-2 mRNA abundance and the brain, lung and liver had the lowest NHE-2 mRNA abundance ( P , 0.05). Along the longitudinal axis, the duodenum had the highest NHE-2 mRNA abundance and the ileum and colon had the lowest NHE-2 mRNA abundance ( P , 0.05). The NHE-2 mRNA level was increased from day 1 to day 26 in the duodenum ( P , 0.05) and dropped dramatically on day 30 ( P , 0.05). There is no difference between day 1 and day 7 ( P . 0.05). After day 30, the NHE-2 mRNA level remained the same except on day 90 ( P . 0.05). The mRNA expression of NHE-2 was not only differentially regulated by age but also differentially distributed along the small intestine of piglets at early stages and growing stages of life, which may contribute to changes in NHE activity.

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Intestinal apical amino acid absorption during development of the pig

Cited by 58 publications

References 16 publications

Ontogenesis of peptide transport and morphological changes in the ovine gastrointestinal tract

Ontogenesis of peptide transport and morphological changes in the ovine gastrointestinal tract

Prenatal Development of Gastrointestinal Function in the Pig and the Effects of Fetal Esophageal Obstruction

Molecular cloning, tissue distribution and ontogenetic expression of sodium proton exchanger isoform 2 (NHE-2) mRNA in the small intestine of pigs

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