Intervention programs for children whose parents have a mental illness: a review

Reupert, Andrea; Cuff, Rose; Drost, Louisa M.; Foster, Kim; Doesum, K.T.M. van; Santvoort, Floor van

doi:10.5694/mja11.11145

Cited by 57 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Aberrant parent-child interactions BREEDING/ PARENTING STRESS Tx CBT as a prevention/ intervention reduces internalizing & externalizing symptoms, reduces anxiety disorder onset (Reupert et al, 2013) Increased incidence of psychopathology Resistance to treatment HPA axis responsivity Epigenetic changes stable OFFSPRING Figure 2: The effects of early-life stress are evident throughout an individual's life span and reverberate into the next generation. These persistent, multigenerational effects may be the result of a number of possible mechanisms, including alterations in mating behaviors, parental behaviors or epigenetic changes to the germline.…”

Section: Changes In Mating Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On a more positive note, there are also indications that cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) can be effective as either a prevention or intervention technique to reduce psychological risk in the offspring of individuals with a mental illness. A number of early intervention programs have targeted these individuals with promising results (for review, see Reupert et al 2013;Siegenthaler et al 2012). For example, a family-based CBT program significantly reduced anxiety disorder onset in the 7-to 12-year-old offspring of anxious parents at 12-month follow-up (from 30% in the waitlist control to zero in the treatment group; Ginsburg 2009).…”

Section: Changes In Mating Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, a family-based CBT program significantly reduced anxiety disorder onset in the 7-to 12-year-old offspring of anxious parents at 12-month follow-up (from 30% in the waitlist control to zero in the treatment group; Ginsburg 2009). Several studies have also found CBT-based programs to effectively reduce internalizing and externalizing symptomology and rates of illness onset in the offspring of depressed parents (Reupert et al 2013). While these studies have generally examined relatively small samples, more definitive support for the efficacy of intervention in the F1 generation may be provided by a large-scale randomized control trial currently being conducted on the effects of a CBT intervention in children of depressed and anxious parents (described in the study protocol published by Nauta et al 2012).…”

Section: Changes In Mating Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The lasting impact of early‐life adversity on individuals and their descendants: potential mechanisms and hope for intervention

Cowan

Callaghan

Kan

et al. 2015

Genes Brain and Behavior

104

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The adverse effects of early-life stress are pervasive, with well-established mental and physical health consequences for exposed individuals. The impact of early adverse experiences is also highly persistent, with documented increases in risk for mental illness across the life span that are accompanied by stable alterations in neural function and hormonal responses to stress. Here, we review some of these 'stress phenotypes', with a focus on intermediary factors that may signal risk for long-term mental health outcomes, such as altered development of the fear regulation system. Intriguingly, recent research suggests that such stress phenotypes may persist even beyond the life span of the individuals, with consequences for their offspring and grand-offspring. Phenotypic characteristics may be transmitted to future generations via either the matriline or the patriline, a phenomenon that has been demonstrated in both human and animal studies. In this review, we highlight behavioral and epigenetic factors that may contribute to this multigenerational transmission and discuss the potential of various treatment approaches that may halt the cycle of stress phenotypes.

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Section: Changes In Mating Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changes In Mating Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changes In Mating Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The lasting impact of early‐life adversity on individuals and their descendants: potential mechanisms and hope for intervention

Cowan

Callaghan

Kan

et al. 2015

Genes Brain and Behavior

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…There are some youth-specific interventions for parental mental illness which overall aim to present psychoeducation, provide respite from caring responsibilities and promote peer connectedness [11,12]. However, many peer support interventions lack a strong theoretical framework [12] and the evaluation undertaken is generally of relatively poor quality [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, many peer support interventions lack a strong theoretical framework [12] and the evaluation undertaken is generally of relatively poor quality [13]. Many child-focused interventions have age limits for participation (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Web-Based Health Intervention for Young People Who Have a Parent with a Mental Illness: Delphi Study Among Potential Future Users (Preprint)

Matar¹,

Maybery²,

McLean³

2018

Preprint

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Background: Young people who have a parent with a mental illness face elevated risks to their wellbeing. However, they may not have access to appropriate interventions. Online interventions may reach and meet the needs of this at-risk group, yet their preferences regarding the features of this medium are unknown. Objective: This study sought to determine the utility of an online intervention to meet the needs of young people who have a parent with a mental illness, and their perspectives regarding the types of features of such a website. Methods: A systematic, two-round Delphi study was employed to solicit the views of 282 young people aged 16 to 21 years (Round 1 n = 14, Round 2 n = 268), from urban and regional settings in Australia. 'Regional' was used to refer to non-urban participants in the study. After first ascertaining whether an online intervention was warranted, an extensive list of online intervention features was identified, including how the site might be facilitated, topics, duration and frequency, and the nature of professional contact. The extent to which young people agreed on the importance of these factors was assessed. Differences and similarities across gender and location were investigated. A mixed method analytic framework was employed using thematic analysis as well as two-way betweengroups analysis of covariance controlling for age (ANCOVA) and chi-square test of independence analysis. Results: Both rounds highlighted a strong preference for an online intervention. Consensus was reached for 1) a professionally monitored site; 2) young people and professionals having equal input into the weekly facilitated sessions (e.g., sharing lead role in discussions or deciding on relevant session content); 3) unlimited time access; 4) one-hour, open discussion, weekly sessions over 6 weeks; 5) preferred features for an online intervention; 6) psychoeducation about mental illness; and, 7) considerations for the management of safety violations. There were significant main effects of location type and several of the preferred features for an online intervention for young people who have a parent with a mental illness; however, effect sizes were small to moderate, limiting practical application. Conclusions: Young people aged 16 to 21 years indicated a need for a professionally monitored, psychoeducational, online intervention, with input from professional facilitators and other similar young people, in addition to recommendations to external resources. The findings can be used to inform the development of future online interventions for this highly vulnerable group.

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Navigating peer relationships: What do friendships look like for children whose parents have mental illnesses?

2022

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Peer support programmes among children whose parents have mental illnesses have rarely focused on how these children relate with peers in the general population. Therefore, this phenomenological study in Ghana involved interviews with 13 children (ages 10 to 17) living with parental mental illness to learn about their peer relationships. Data were analysed to identify the phenomenon's essential features and constituents. The study finds that peer relations entail secrecy, peer victimisation and abuse. To these children, keeping secrets about parental mental illness ensures they have 'normal' peer relationships like others, as troubled peer relationships can develop when peers are informed about the parents' mental illness. Name-calling, teasing and withdrawal persists when peers are aware of one's parental mental illness. Although the children perceive that they may find comfort in children who are in a similar situation, the pros and cons of developing peer support out of these in-groups have to be verified rather than assumed. It is recommended that helping professionals educate school children and address myths they have about mental illness and its impact on their relationships.parental mental illness, peer abuse, peer relationships, peer victimisation Key Practitioner Messages • Interventions should include peers who do not have parents with mental illness as participants. • Some children with parental mental illness may experience psychological difficulties due to stigma from peers. Social workers should identify these children and provide counselling support. • Schools should introduce mental health literacy curriculum to address norms and values around mental illness that perpetuate stigma.

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Intervention programs for children whose parents have a mental illness: a review

Cited by 57 publications

References 25 publications

The lasting impact of early‐life adversity on individuals and their descendants: potential mechanisms and hope for intervention

The lasting impact of early‐life adversity on individuals and their descendants: potential mechanisms and hope for intervention

Web-Based Health Intervention for Young People Who Have a Parent with a Mental Illness: Delphi Study Among Potential Future Users (Preprint)

Navigating peer relationships: What do friendships look like for children whose parents have mental illnesses?

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