Intervention of Phytohormone Pathways by Pathogen Effectors

Kazan, Kemal; Lyons, Rebecca

doi:10.1105/tpc.114.125419

Cited by 405 publications

(340 citation statements)

References 284 publications

(336 reference statements)

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“…tomato (Pst) qui injecte certains de ses effecteurs dans les cellules végétales par l'intermédiaire d'un système de sécrétion de type III 4 . Ces effecteurs ciblent largement les voies de signalisation cellulaire qui aboutissent à la réponse immunitaire mais également celles qui induisent l'ouverture des stomates [9]. Les stomates sont des pores naturels, localisés à la surface des feuilles, qui contrôlent les échanges gazeux.…”

Section: Contournement De L'immunité Par Les Agents Pathogènesunclassified

Lutter contre les infections bactériennes : le système immunitaire des plantes est aussi très efficace !

et al. 2016

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Section: Contournement De L'immunité Par Les Agents Pathogènesunclassified

Lutter contre les infections bactériennes : le système immunitaire des plantes est aussi très efficace !

et al. 2016

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“…Pathogen effectors could be recognised by host plant resistance proteins and trigger a second layer of plant innate immunity, effector-triggered immunity, to halt disease progress (Jones and Dangl 2006; Wang et al 2014; Kachroo et al 2017). In this competing relationship, phytohormones produced by plants serve as one of plant defence mechanisms against fungal invasion, while fungal pathogens have developed multiple strategies to disrupt plant phytohormones biosynthesis or signaling (Kazan and Lyons 2014; Chanclud and Morel 2016). More intriguingly, recent research revealed that fungi also produce some phytohormones, or metabolites mimicking phytohormones, likely to alter host physiology for their own benefit (Chanclud and Morel 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These eight types of phytohormones include auxins (indole-3-acetic acid, IAA) (Austin et al 2002; Azevedo et al 2002), cytokinins (CKs) (Jiang et al 2013), brassinosteroids (BRs) (Nolan et al 2017), abscisic acid (ABA) (Hauser et al 2017), gibberellins (GAs) (Singh 2002), salicylic acid (SA) (Boatwright and Pajerowska-Mukhtar 2013), jasmonates (JAs) (Wasternack and Hause 2013) and ethylene (ET). In Arabidopsis thaliana , SA, JAs and ET are mainly involved in plant defense response (Lopez et al 2008; Robert-Seilaniantz et al 2011; Kazan and Lyons 2014; Patkar and Naqvi 2017). Particularly, SA mediates plant resistance towards biotrophic or semibiotrophic pathogens, and is involved in the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in which a pathogenic attack on one part of the plant induces resistance in other parts; JAs and ET mediate resistance to necrotropic plant pathogens (Broekaert et al 2006; Pieterse et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ascomycete fungus M. oryzae causes rice-blast disease, the most destructive disease of rice that leads to 10–30% yield losses each year worldwide and thus poses great thread to global food security (Talbot 1995; Dean et al 2012; Kazan and Lyons 2014). Therefore, intensive investigation has been conducted on M. oryzae -rice interaction for elucidation of fungal pathogenicity as well as rice defense strategies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phytohormones: the chemical language in Magnaporthe oryzae-rice pathosystem

2018

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Phytohormones (also named as plant hormones) are chemicals produced by plants in order to modulate various aspects of plant development, stress responses and defence. Recent studies revealed that fungi can also produce phytohormones or phytohormone-mimiking molecules, while it remains poorly understood about the details in the role and regulatory mechanism of such fungal produced phytohormonal molecules in plant-fungus interactions. The rice-blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae imposes a great threat to global food security. Intensive investigation has been conducted to elucidate M. oryzae pathogenicity and rice (Oryza sativa L.) defense mechanism against blast disease, in order to provide theoretical basis and/or identify potential target(s) for developing novel disease control strategies, as well as for breeding of resistance varieties. Phytohormones have been demonstrated to play conserved and divergent roles in fine-tuning the balance of rice growth and immunity towards M. oryzae. Meanwhile, M. oryzae evolved elaborate strategy to manipulate the rice phytohormones metabolism, or even directly produce and secrete phytohormones, during their invasion process. In this review, we discuss the chemical communication in term of phytohormones in M. oryzae-rice pathosystem.

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“…Several phytohormones are activated by receptor proteins, the most common of which are salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonic acid (JA) (De Bruyne et al, 2014;Kazan and Lyons, 2014;Pieterse et al, 2012). While SA is mainly involved in resistance to biotrophs, methyl JA and ethylene (ET) play a significant role in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens.…”

Section: B Phytohormone (Phr) Genes and Regulation Of Downstream Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Innate Immune Response: Qualitative and Quantitative Resistance

Kushalappa

Yogendra

Karre

2016

Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences

156

103

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Plant diseases, caused by microbes, threaten world food, feed, and bioproduct security. Plant resistance has not been effectively deployed to improve resistance in plants for lack of understanding of biochemical mechanisms and genetic bedrock of resistance. With the advent of genome sequencing, the forward and reverse genetic approaches have enabled deciphering the riddle of resistance. Invading pathogens produce elicitors and effectors that are recognized by the host membrane-localized receptors, which in turn induce a cascade of downstream regulatory and resistance metabolite and protein biosynthetic genes (R) to produce resistance metabolites and proteins, which reduce pathogen advancement through their antimicrobial and cell wall enforcement properties. The resistance in plants to pathogen attack is expressed as reduced susceptibility, ranging from high susceptibility to hypersensitive response, the shades of gray. The hypersensitive response or cell death is considered as qualitative resistance, while the remainder of the reduced susceptibility is considered as quantitative resistance. The resistance is due to additive effects of several resistance metabolites and proteins, which are produced through a network of several hierarchies of plant R genes. Plants recognize the pathogen elicitors or receptors and then induce downstream genes to eventually produce resistance metabolites and proteins that suppress the pathogen advancement in plant. These resistance genes (R), against qualitative and quantitative resistance, can be identified in germplasm collections and replaced in commercial cultivars, if nonfunctional, based on genome editing to improve plant resistance.

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Intervention of Phytohormone Pathways by Pathogen Effectors

Cited by 405 publications

References 284 publications

Lutter contre les infections bactériennes : le système immunitaire des plantes est aussi très efficace !

Lutter contre les infections bactériennes : le système immunitaire des plantes est aussi très efficace !

Phytohormones: the chemical language in Magnaporthe oryzae-rice pathosystem

Plant Innate Immune Response: Qualitative and Quantitative Resistance

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