Interrogation of a remote elliptical-core dual-mode fiber strain sensor by using a tandem interferometer configuration

Bohnert, K.; Wit, Gabrielle de; Nehring, J.

doi:10.1364/ol.17.000694

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The interferometric systems are available even when the group optical path difference (OPD) between two modes is larger than the source coherence length. In this case a tandem configuration of two fiber interferometers, receiving one and a two-mode fiber interferometer, can be used [3,4]. The phase change to be measured is contained in a variation of the far-field modal interference pattern at the sensing fiber end.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral-Domain Measurement of Strain Sensitivity of a Two-Mode Birefringent Side-Hole Fiber

Hlubina

Olszewski

Martynkien

et al. 2012

Sensors

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The strain sensitivity of a two-mode birefringent side-hole fiber is measured in the spectral domain. In a simple experimental setup comprising a broadband source, a polarizer, a two-mode birefringent side-hole fiber under varied elongations, an analyzer and a compact spectrometer, the spectral interferograms are resolved. These are characterized by the equalization wavelength at which spectral interference fringes have the highest visibility (the largest period) due to the zero group optical path difference between the fundamental, the LP01 mode and the higher-order, the LP11 mode. The spectral interferograms with the equalization wavelength are processed to retrieve the phase as a function of the wavelength. From the retrieved phase functions corresponding to different elongations of a two-mode birefringent side-hole fiber under test, the spectral strain sensitivity is obtained. Using this approach, the intermodal spectral strain sensitivity was measured for both x and y polarizations. Moreover, the spectral polarimetric sensitivity to strain was measured for the fundamental mode when a birefringent delay line was used in tandem with the fiber. Its spectral dependence was also compared with that obtained from a shift of the spectral interferograms not including the equalization wavelength, and good agreement was confirmed.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral-Domain Measurement of Strain Sensitivity of a Two-Mode Birefringent Side-Hole Fiber

Hlubina

Olszewski

Martynkien

et al. 2012

Sensors

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“…Fiber optical sensors calculate the strain from the change in wavelength or phase of light . Many fiber optical strain sensors have been demonstrated to work effectively, including microbending sensors [34], twisted sensors [35], etched sensors [36], Bragg grating sensors [37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54], homodyne interferometric sensors [55,56], heterodyne interferometric sensors [57][58][59], white-light sensors [60][61][62], frequencymodulated continuous-wave interferometric sensors [63,64], and sensors based on the stimulated Brillouin scattering process [65][66][67].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel distributed strain sensing in polymeric materials

Abot

Schulz

Song

et al. 2010

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Monitoring the state of strain throughout an entire structure is essential to determine its state of stress, detect potential residual stresses after fabrication, and also to help to establish its integrity. Several sensing technologies are presently available to determine the strain in the surface or inside a structure. Large sensor dimensions, complex signal conditioning equipment, and difficulty in achieving a widely distributed system have however hindered their development into robust structural health monitoring techniques. Recently, carbon nanotube forests were spun into a microscale thread that is electrically conductive, tough, and easily tailorable. The thread was integrated into polymeric materials and used for the first time as a piezoresistive sensor to monitor strain and also to detect damage in the material. It is revealed that the created self-sensing polymeric materials are sensitive to normal strains above 0.07% and that the sensor thread exhibits a perfectly linear delta resistance-strain response above 0.3%. The longitudinal gauge factors were determined to be in the 2-5 range. This low cost and simple built-in sensor thread may provide a new integrated and distributed sensor technology that enables robust real-time health monitoring of structures.

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“…3 To restore interference when the group OPD between two modes is larger than the source coherence length a tandem configuration of two fiber interferometers, receiving one and a two-mode fiber interferometer, can be used. [5][6][7][8] The phase change to be measured is contained in a variation of the far-field modal interference pattern at the sensing fiber end.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two-mode fiber-optic sensors using a white-light spectral interferometric technique

2005

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We analyze theoretically fiber-optic sensor configurations working in the time domain or in the spectral domain and utilizing interference between two spatial or polarization modes. We show for example that a two-mode fiber interferometer in which the phase difference between the two modes is large and the intermodal group optical path difference (OPD) is zero at a specific wavelength of a light source of a short coherence length can be used without losing both time-domain and spectral-domain interference. Similarly, we analyze theoretically a tandem configuration of two interferometers with one of the interferometers as a receiving interferometer and the other one as a sensing two-mode fiber interferometer. We show that time-domain or spectral-domain interference lost due to the OPD between the two modes exceeding the coherence length can be restored in the configuration. We analyze both theoretically and experimentally a tandem configuration of the receiving interferometer and the sensing two-mode fiber interferometer in which spectral interference between two polarization modes is detected by a low-resolution spectrometer. The configuration is characterized by suitable adjusting of the measuring sensitivity over a broad wavelength range. We present some preliminary experimental results regarding sensing of strain using an elliptical-core optical fiber.

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Interrogation of a remote elliptical-core dual-mode fiber strain sensor by using a tandem interferometer configuration

Cited by 10 publications

References 6 publications

Spectral-Domain Measurement of Strain Sensitivity of a Two-Mode Birefringent Side-Hole Fiber

Spectral-Domain Measurement of Strain Sensitivity of a Two-Mode Birefringent Side-Hole Fiber

Novel distributed strain sensing in polymeric materials

Two-mode fiber-optic sensors using a white-light spectral interferometric technique

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