Interpretation of Action Potential Generation Mechanism in Cells by Potassium Channel "Origami Windmill" Model

Zuodong, Sun

doi:10.31219/osf.io/hms92

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Enlightening Point of View Based on Potassium Channel "Origami Windmill" Model 110 explained reasonably [12,13]. Therefore, the core point of this paper is contrary to the ionic theory.…”

Section: David Publishingmentioning

confidence: 91%

Untitled

2020

JTTE

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Applying the K + channel origami windmill model principle, the whole process of action potential generation of nerve fiber cells and cardiomyocytes is explained reasonably. Its core view is: cell action potential decline phase, dominated by influx of potassium ions. This is contrary to the core idea of the traditional theory-ionic theory. According to ionic theory, cell action potential decline phase, is dominated by outflow of K + ions. In the face of such two opposing views, the author traces back to the source, combing and commenting on the basic theoretical research on the production mechanism of cell bioelectricity generation and the results of classical basic experiments. And a series of enlightening viewpoints are produced: (1) ionic theory has its preexistence deficiency; (2) There are principle defects in Goldman-Hodgkin-Katz(GHK) equation and Hodgkin-Huxley(H-H) equation;(3) ion channels may be "same direction sharing"; (4) sodium-potassium pumps, calcium pumps and so on may not exist. The thesis's point is falsifiable. If "cell action potential decline stage, dominated by outflow of K + ions" can be proved, all the points in this paper will not be true. On the contrary, the series of enlightening views in this paper will inevitably lead to a revolution in the field of life science. The viewpoint of this paper is not only closely related to the causes of human major diseases, treatment principles and methods, but also may have a profound impact on the future research direction of life scienceresearchers. So the author suggests that scholars in the field of life science should re-sort out the existing bioelectricity knowledge system to eliminate the false, save the truth and clear the source, especially focusing on the papers published by Hodgkin and Huxley in 1952; at the same time, it is necessary to reevaluate the scientificity and scientific value of membrane theory, ionic theory, GHK equation and H-H equation, and put forward new theories based on Bernstein membrane theory, establishing a new mathematical model of cell action potential.

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“…Enlightening Point of View Based on Potassium Channel "Origami Windmill" Model 110 explained reasonably [12,13]. Therefore, the core point of this paper is contrary to the ionic theory.…”

Section: David Publishingmentioning

confidence: 91%

Untitled

2020

JTTE

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“…It supports Hodgkin, Huxley 's experimental the results of action potential, and does not support their explanation of the mechanism of action potential generation in cells and the core ideas of "membrane theory" and "ion theory". It tiped that the main role of "sodium-potassium pump" or "ATPase" is not responsible for the transport of Na + and K + from the inside and outside of the cell and maintaining cell membrane potential [6][7][8] .…”

Section: Revisionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Revision and Supplement of the Theory of Dove-like Particles

Zuodong¹

2019

Preprint

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The theory of dove-like particles is a discussion on the reasons and mechanism of sporadic Alzheimer's disease, which was officially published on March 15, 2019. In this paper, the "basic content" of the theory of dove-like particles and the mechanism of action potential generation of Alan Hodgkin and Andrew Huxley are revised, the related contents of ion pump and sodium-potassium pump are deleted, and the discussion of " organic ions and acidity-alkalinity " is added, and at the end of the conclusion, the following contents are added: The Aβ hypothesis misleads the research direction of the world's mainstream brain scientists. All the work based on the beta hypothesis has been unsuccessful. It may even become the confirmed habits are hard to get rid of "soft underbelly" of some scientists and "stumbling block" to conquered Alzheimer's disease. Its little results which seeming to be right but not so in fact is completely negligible compared with the enormous cost of human beings. Therefore, we must completely deny and abandon the Aβ hypothesis from the strategic height and academic level. Trying to revision and supplement it to keep it reluctantly, it is not scientific and has no practical significance, it confuses the gap between theory and practice.

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“…As the inventor, in order to clarify the treatment mechanism of equipment and the cause of severe cerebral disease, applying the principles of physical biology, "the theory of brain cell activation" (2015) [16], "the theory of dove-like particles" (2019) [17], and "K + channel 'origami windmill' model" (2019) [1] was put forward from the level of cell molecule. Applying the principle of the K + channel "origami windmill" model [18], the whole process of the action potential generation mechanism of nerve fiber cells has been reasonably explained, and a view that is diametrically opposed to the ionic theory is obtained, that is, the action potential decline phase is caused by K + inflow dominate (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Introduction mentioning

confidence: 97%

Interpretation of Action Potential Generation Mechanism in Cardiomyocytes by Potassium Channel “Origami Windmill” Model

Zuodong¹

2020

UCMS

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The study of the action potential of cardiomyocytes is as important as the study of nerve fiber cells. The theoretical basis of the action potential of cardiomyocytes is the ionic theory formed by nerve fiber cells. Its core point of view: the decline phase of the action potential of cells is dominated by K + outflow. Applying the principle of the K + channel "origami windmill" model, the mechanism of action potential generation of nerve fiber cells has been reasonably explained, and a point contrary to the ion theory has been drawn: the phase of the action potential decline is dominated by K + influx. Similarly, applying the principle of the K + channel "origami windmill" model can also give a reasonable explanation for the mechanism of action potential generation of cardiomyocytes. The difference between cardiomyocyte action potential and nerve fiber cell: in addition to K + , Cl-, Na + , the process of generating cardiomyocyte action potential also involves the participation of Ca 2+. Ca 2+ inflow in the rising phase will shorten the depolarization time; Ca 2+ inflow in the falling phase will prolong the repolarization time. K + , Ca 2+ space substitution proportion: rotate into 2 K + , squeeze out 3 Ca 2+ , and 4 extra negative charges in the cell, the proportion is 2:3:4; Conversely, squeeze out 2 K + , rotate into 3 Ca 2+ , 4 extra positive charges the cells, the proportion is 3:2:4. Na + , Ca 2+ space substitution proportion: rotate into 1 Na + , squeeze out 1 Ca 2+ , and 1 extra negative charges in the cell, the proportion is 1:1:1; conversely, rotate into 1 Ca 2+ , squeeze out 1 Na + , there is 1 more positive charge in the cell, and the proportion is 1:1:1. Application of "origami windmill" model principle, can reasonably explain the cardiomyocytes action potential generation mechanism, further proveding "origami windmill" the model theory, "the theory of dove-like particles", "the theory of brain cell activation" of science, also proving that the viewpoint of "action potential descending phase, dominated by K + internal current" is correct. The scientific and rational interpretation of the action potential of cardiomyocytes has far-reaching impact and great significance to the basic theoretical research and clinical practice of the heart from now on.

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Interpretation of Action Potential Generation Mechanism in Cells by Potassium Channel "Origami Windmill" Model

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

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Revision and Supplement of the Theory of Dove-like Particles

Interpretation of Action Potential Generation Mechanism in Cardiomyocytes by Potassium Channel “Origami Windmill” Model

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