Interpolarization Forward Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Standard Single‐Mode Fibers

Diamandi, Hilel Hagai; Bashan, Gil; London, Yosef; Sharma, Kavita; Shemer, Keren; Zadok, Avi

doi:10.1002/lpor.202100337

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Most works report about a 10 dB SNR. Our results can be compared with similar SNRs reported in [ 30 ], where a FUT of several meters long was used (30 m, when 1 ns pump pulses, and a Sagnac interferometer for detection), while in our experiment, only a 20 cm-long FUT was used.…”

Section: A Point Pump and Probe Techniquesupporting

confidence: 85%

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Sánchez

Dı́ez

Cruz

et al. 2022

Sensors

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In-fiber opto-mechanics based on forward Brillouin scattering has received increasing attention because it enables sensing the surrounding of the optical fiber. Optical fiber transverse acoustic resonances are sensitive to both the inner properties of the optical fiber and the external medium. A particularly efficient pump and probe technique—assisted by a fiber grating—can be exploited for the development of point sensors of only a few centimeters in length. When measuring the acoustic resonances, this technique provides the narrowest reported linewidths and a signal-to-noise ratio better than 40 dB. The longitudinal and transverse acoustic velocities—normalized with the fiber radius—can be determined with a relative error lower than 10−4, exploiting the derivation of accurate asymptotic expressions for the resonant frequencies. Using this technique, the Poisson’s ratio of an optical fiber and its temperature dependence have been measured, reducing the relative error by a factor of 100 with respect to previously reported values. Using a single-point sensor, discriminative measurements of strain and temperature can be performed, achieving detection limits of ±25 με and ±0.2 °C. These results show the potential of this approach for the development of point sensors, which can be easily wavelength-multiplexed.

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Section: A Point Pump and Probe Techniquesupporting

confidence: 85%

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Sánchez

Dı́ez

Cruz

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…We note that Brillouin scattering between vortex modes with different topological charge may also occur if the acoustic mode itself carries non-zero topological charge. [15] In contrast to previous lasers based on SBS, the vortex Brillouin lasers reported in this paper intrinsically maintain the vorticity of light in the whole laser cavity without need for mode control techniques. Laser line-narrowing permits the closely spaced Brillouin peaks associated with different acoustic modes to be precisely resolved, in excellent agreement with theoretical predictions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…We note that Brillouin scattering between vortex modes with different topological charge may also occur if the acoustic mode itself carries non‐zero topological charge. [ 15 ]…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optical Vortex Brillouin Laser

Zeng

Russell

Yang

et al. 2023

Laser & Photonics Reviews

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Optical vortices, which have been extensively studied over the last decades, offer an additional degree of freedom useful in many applications, such as optical tweezers and quantum control. Stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS), providing a narrow linewidth and a strong nonlinear response, has been used to realize quasi‐continuous wave lasers. Here, stable oscillation of optical vortices and acoustic modes in a Brillouin laser based on chiral photonic crystal fiber (PCF) is reported, which robustly supports helical Bloch modes (HBMs) that carry circularly polarized optical vortex and display circular birefringence. A narrow‐linewidth Brillouin fiber laser that stably emits 1st‐ and 2nd‐order vortex‐carrying HBMs is implemented. Angular momentum conservation selection rules dictate that pump and backward Brillouin signals have opposite topological charge and spin. Additionally, it is shown that when the chiral PCF is placed within a laser ring cavity, the linewidth‐narrowing associated with lasing permits the peak of the Brillouin gain that corresponds to acoustic mode to be measured with resolution of 10 kHz and accuracy of 520 kHz. The results pave the way to a new generation of vortex‐carrying SBS systems with applications in optical tweezers, quantum information processing, and vortex‐carrying nonreciprocal systems.

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“…21,41,45 The phase modulation is scalar: it is independent of the probe wave polarization and does not modify it. 46 The magnitude of the phase modulation at the output of a fiber of length L is given by 41 Δφ 0m (Ω, L) = γ 0m (Ω) P(Ω)L, (13) where P(Ω) (W rad −1 Hz −1 ) is the Fourier-transform of the instantaneous power P(t) of pump pulses, in which t stands for time. Phase modulation also modifies the instantaneous frequency of the output probe wave, which oscillates at frequency Ω as well.…”

Section: A Analysis and Numerical Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tensor characteristics of forward Brillouin sensors in bare and coated fibers

Bernstein,

Zehavi,

London

et al. 2023

APL Photonics

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Forward Brillouin scattering fiber sensors can detect and analyze media outside the cladding of standard fibers, where guided light does not reach. Nearly all such sensors reported to-date have relied on the radially symmetric guided acoustic modes of the fiber. Wave motion in these modes is strictly dilatational. However, forward Brillouin scattering also takes place through torsional–radial guided acoustic modes of the fiber. Torsional–radial modes exhibit more complex tensor characteristics, and they consist of both dilatational and shear wave contributions. In this work, we show that forward Brillouin sensing through torsional–radial acoustic modes is qualitatively different from processes based on the radial ones. While dilatational wave components may dissipate toward liquids outside the fiber cladding, shear waves do not. Consequently, the effect of outside liquids varies among torsional–radial modes. Those modes that are dominated by their dilatational components undergo faster decay rates, whereas other modes with large shear contributions decay at much slower rates in the same liquid. The difference in decay rates may reach a factor of seven. Experimental observations are well supported by the analysis. The differences among modes are also found with liquid outside specific coating layers. Large changes in decay rates are observed when a phase transition between solid and liquid occurs outside the cladding boundary. The monitoring of multiple mode categories provides more complete assessment of outside media and enhances the capabilities of forward Brillouin scattering fiber sensors.

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Interpolarization Forward Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in Standard Single‐Mode Fibers

Cited by 16 publications

References 44 publications

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Recent Advances in Forward Brillouin Scattering: Sensor Applications

Optical Vortex Brillouin Laser

Tensor characteristics of forward Brillouin sensors in bare and coated fibers

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