Interplays Between Gut Microbiota and Gene Expression Regulation by miRNAs: Towards a Symbiotic Vision of Host and Guest

Celluzzi, Antonella; Masotti, Andrea

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-39496-1_3

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…This is part of the complex regulatory networks of host pathogen interaction [202]. Exosomal miRNAs are released for the regulation of bacterial gene expression [415]. Note: Three-way interaction of food, GI microbial communities and GI tract.…”

Section: Gut-microbiome-diet Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances In Nutritional Sciences: An Overview Of Glycans And MiRNAs

Menapace¹

2018

J Nutr Food Sci

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There are many nutritional substances that humans consume on a daily basis: water, carbohydrates lipids and proteins are main biochemical components of food. But others in a smaller amount are vitamins minerals and enzymes. At a possibly lesser quantity are glycans and miRNAs. The presence of oligoglycans in all food sources has been an established fact for many years. These special carbohydrates are present as glycoconjugates (glycoproteins or glycolipids) in and on the surface of all the cells (glycocalyx) of all organisms that we eat and remain intact through the GI tract as we lack the enzymatic repertoire of the human body to unbind their particular β-linkages. Glycans bind to naturally present human lectins (through protein-carbohydrate interactions), but also with other human glycans (through carbohydrate-carbohydrate interactions, or CCI). Moreover, these glycans, like fibres, are digested by the gut microbiota that resides within the intestine. As our biochemistry shapes the composition of the microbiome, so does the composition of glycans and foods that we consume, triggering biological responses. miRNAs are small, single-stranded, 19-to 23-nucleotide-long RNA molecules and affect the stability of messenger RNA (mRNA) influencing protein synthesis. miRNAs are also present in foods and act on both the microbial composition in our gut and may be absorbed by the walls of the GI tract, demonstrating resistance to food processing and enzymatic attack. Though still a topic of controversy, these small, noncoding RNAs that control gene expression may directly enter into the circulating miRNA population of dietary exogenous miRNAs. It can hence be possible to identify a relationship between glycans and miRNAs in food on one side, microbiota composition on the other and the resultant health status of the host (immune system), on the third side.

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Section: Gut-microbiome-diet Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances In Nutritional Sciences: An Overview Of Glycans And MiRNAs

Menapace¹

2018

J Nutr Food Sci

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“…During the last 20 years, plenty of studies have indicated that miRNAs participate in physiological processes such as cell differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, immune response, metabolism, and disease (Bartel 2009;Vidigal and Ventura 2015;Wilczynska and Bushell 2015). miRNAs are also implicated in gut microbiota-host interactions, and the expression of intestinal miRNAs is modulated in response to changes in the microbiota (Celluzzi and Masotti 2016;Masotti 2012;Moloney et al 2018). A study reported 16 differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs in the cecum between conventional (CV) mice and germfree (GF) mice, and their targets are involved in regulating intestinal barrier and immune function (Singh et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs after Lactobacillus reuteri treatment in the ileum mucosa of piglets

et al. 2020

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Background Lactobacillus reuteri I5007 possesses many excellent probiotic characteristics in piglets. miRNA plays important role in host-microbiota interactions, but the mechanism by which L. reuteri I5007 regulates intestinal function through its influence on miRNA expression is unknown. Objective This study analyzed the miRNA expression patterns in the ileum mucosa tissue of piglets by L. reuteri I5007 treatment, aim to clarify its molecular mechanism for regulating intestinal function through miRNA. Methods Neonatal piglets were orally administered L. reuteri I5007 or a placebo daily starting on day 1, and differential expression of ileal miRNAs was analyzed at 10 and 20 days of age by small RNA sequencing. Results 361 known porcine miRNAs were identified, and ten miRNAs were highly expressed in the ileum mucosa in both treatments. Nineteen differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs were identified in response to L. reuteri treatment, and four DE miRNAs (ssc-miR-196a, -196b-5p, -1285 and -10386) were differentially expressed at both time points. The KEGG pathway analyses showed the targets of 19 DE miRNAs were involved in 63 significantly enriched pathways, including the PI3K-Akt and MAPK pathways, which were confirmed to play important roles in probiotic-host communication. L. reuteri I5007 exerted anti-inflammatory effects by influencing the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Suppressor of cytokine signalling 4 gene was the target gene of ssc-miR-196a/-196b-5p, overexpression of ssc-miR-196a/-196b-5p downregulated the mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNFα in IPEC-J2 cells. ConclusionOur study provides new insight into the role of miRNAs in the intestinal function of piglets after L. reuteri I5007 treatment.

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Interplays Between Gut Microbiota and Gene Expression Regulation by miRNAs: Towards a Symbiotic Vision of Host and Guest

Cited by 2 publications

References 57 publications

Recent Advances In Nutritional Sciences: An Overview Of Glycans And MiRNAs

Recent Advances In Nutritional Sciences: An Overview Of Glycans And MiRNAs

Identification of differentially expressed miRNAs after Lactobacillus reuteri treatment in the ileum mucosa of piglets

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