“…For instance, work has been done on characterizing the transformation observed in superelastic NiTi and NiTi-TiC composites [15][16][17]. Other in situ neutron-diffraction investigations on phase transformations include those observed in austeniticstainless steels [18][19][20][21], transformation-induced plasticity steels [22][23][24], Cu-Al-Zn-Mn shape-memory alloys [25], Fe-Pd shapememory alloys [26,27], U-Nb alloys [28][29][30], and nickel-containing ferromagnetic shape-memory alloys [31][32][33]. All of these studies demonstrate the usefulness of neutron diffraction for characterizing the crystallographic orientation of martensitic variants, lattice-strain development, extents of transformation, and even texture development in these materials, as a load is applied.…”