International epidemiological and microbiological study of outbreak of Salmonella agona infection from a ready to eat savoury snack--I: England and Wales and the United States

Abstract

Rapid international exchanges of information led to the identification of the source of a major outbreak of S agona in Israel and of associated cases in North America. The outbreak showed the value of the Salm-Net surveillance system and its links outside Europe, both for increasing case ascertainment and for improving the information on the duration of the fault at the manufacturing plant.

Peanut and peanut products: A food safety perspective

“…An outbreak of S. agona was already occurring in Israel at the time. Positive samples ranged from 2 to 45 CFU/packet (Killalea et al, 1996).…”

Precautions against Biological and Chemical Terrorism Directed at Food and Water Supplies

“…Additional cases were identified in the United States and France. 18 In 1989, four outbreaks of staphylococcal food poisoning in the United States were associated with eating mushrooms canned in the People's Republic of China. 19 Similar international outbreaks have been traced to Italian chocolate exported to England and Wales, and to Australian bean sprouts exported to Finland and Sweden.…”

Analysis of Salmonella Agona and Salmonella Weltevreden in Malaysia by PCR fingerprinting and antibiotic resistance profiling

“…An outbreak of Salmonella enterica occurred in Finland and Sweden in 1994 due to fresh alfalfa sprouts germinated from seeds imported from Australia (Ponka et al 1995). In addition, contaminated vegetarian food (Killalea et al 1996) and cereal (Center for Disease Control and Prevention 1998) have also been identified as sources of infections. Furthermore there have been increasing trends of multiple resistances to ampicilin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfonamides, tetracycline and ceftriaxone among selected serovars in the last few years (Threlfall et al 1994;Gebreyes et al 2000;White et al 2001;Zansky et al 2002).…”