Internal displacement in the context of disasters and climate change in Asia and the Pacific

Solutions discourse in disaster displacement: implications for policy and practice

“…This is in line with McAdam (2021, p. 833) who uses the term to refer to displacement both in the context of disasters and climate change, saying that ‘drawing sharp distinctions between the two is unhelpful from a human rights and protection‐oriented perspective’. Moreover, it is worth remembering that from the perspectives of the affected people, 'whether a particular event relates to climate change or not is of little consequence' (Scott and Salamanca, 2021, p. 4). What matters far more is how displacement impacts on their lives and what they could do to find solutions 2 to their situations.…”

“…From being simplistically regarded as ‘natural’ catastrophes and calamities, disaster discourse now pays more attention to ‘the complex notion of “social vulnerability” and “mutuality”’ (Esnard and Sapat, 2014, p. 8). Increasingly, disasters are understood as ‘deeply social processes’ (Scott and Salamanca, 2021, p. 7) underwritten by a series of decisions and omissions committed by both historical and contemporary actors. Within the disaster risk reduction and management (DRRM) field, this has led to a paradigm shift that, at least at the level of laws and policies, frames disasters as ‘development concerns’ and emphasises an ‘all‐society approach that promotes community participation, inclusiveness and transparency’ (Quan, 2021, p. 82).…”

The Conflict, Climate Change, and Displacement Nexus Revisited: The Protracted Rohingya Refugee Crisis in Bangladesh

“…The limiting legal framework of refugee protection and the inability to agree reveals the international policy gap that exists that prevents collective action-related nexus dynamics associated with conflict and climate-induced displacement (Offner & Marlowe, 2021). In response, Scott and Salamanca (2020) proposed a human-rights-based approach that centres action around the importance of maintaining the protection of human rights for those impacted to effectively address the impacts of climate-induced displacement—transcending traditional humanitarian interventions and short-term reactive responses to consider access to range of civil, political, cultural, social and economic rights. Such an approach would be sensitive to the differential needs, intersectionalities, power structures, and already existing capacities.…”

“…Such an approach would be sensitive to the differential needs, intersectionalities, power structures, and already existing capacities. Scott and Salamanca (2020) proposed guiding principles that foster a human rights-centred approach to addressing displacement, which puts forward four critical components: governance: refers to the quality of legal and policy frameworks; procedural: including the right to information, consultation, and participation; substantive: refers to the rights to life, work, adequate food, adequate shelter, health, and social security; and non-discrimination and equality: refer to equal treatment irrespective of gender, age, ethnicity, and (dis)ability. For instance, the right to adequate accommodation can be understood through these components and further comes into stark relief with the context of the recent cyclone Mocha that destroyed more than 1000 shelters. Thus, these components cut across a range of rights and provides a basis to work through how the realisation of any given right is impacted by multiple contexts and the various drivers of displacement.…”

Climate change, emergency situations and the response of Serbia, Montenegro, and Croatia

“…Питање веза између људских права, климатских промена и катастрофа разматра се на различите начине (Scott, Salamanca 2020). Међународноправни оквир изгледа релативно одређен у делу који се односи на климатске промене, нешто мање у делу који се односи на људска права и врло скромно у делу који се односи на заштиту жртава катастрофалних догађаја.…”