“…A panel of plasma anti‐inflammatory (interleukin [IL]‐10, IL‐4, IL‐1 receptor antagonist [RA]) and pro‐inflammatory (IL‐6, IL‐8, tumour necrosis factor‐alpha [TNF‐α], IL‐1β, IL‐17A, monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)‐1) cytokines and chemokines will be quantified using a custom Bio‐Plex multiplex immunoassay (Bio‐Rad; Hercules, CA), which uses Luminex xMAP technology (Luminex Corp; Austin, TX) and has been successfully used for the quantification of cytokines and chemokines in neonatal peripheral blood (Carlo et al, ; Matoba et al, ). The pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines were selected for their previously demonstrated effects on the adult and infant brain (Jain & Mills, ), neurodevelopment (Kinjo et al, ; O'Shea et al, ), or association with chronic stress exposure (Moore et al, ). The anti‐inflammatory factors were selected for their regulating effects on IL‐1β, IL‐6, IL‐8, MCP‐1, and TNF‐α (Moore, de Waal Malefyt, Coffman, & O'Garra, ) and importance in higher cognitive function (Gadani, Cronk, Norris, & Kipnis, ).…”