Interfacial studies of carbon fibre / polycarbonate composites using dynamic mechanical analysis

Paiva, M. C.; Mano, J. F.

doi:10.1515/epoly.2005.5.1.145

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…33 Another oxidation process involves the plasma treatment of CNFs. 34 An important functionalization method is the 1,3-cycloaddition of amino acid/para-formaldehyde mixtures, which does not require previous oxidation of CNFs. 35,36 The incorporation of poly(vinyl alcohol) at the surface of CNFs has also been reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through atom transfer radical polymerization for the preparation of poly(tert‐butyl acrylate)/CNF materials: Spectroscopic, thermal, morphological, and physical characterizations

Ghislandi

Prado

Oyerviedes

et al. 2008

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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Vapor-grown carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were oxidized and functionalized for atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of tert-butyl acrylate (t-BA) from the surface of the CNFs. The materials were characterized by solubility tests, Fouriertransform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy. The FTIR and electron microscopy results suggest that ATRP process was successfully used to graft poly(tert-butyl acrylate) (poly(t-BA)) chains from the surface of the fibers. Raman results strongly indicate the partial degradation of the graphitic layer of CNFs because of the chemical treatments. TGA results suggest that the presence of poly(t-BA) leads to a decrease of the initial degradation temperature of the fibers. XRD and electron microscopy results indicate that the microstructure of fibers was not destroyed because of the oxidation and functionalization processes. V

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Functionalization of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through atom transfer radical polymerization for the preparation of poly(tert‐butyl acrylate)/CNF materials: Spectroscopic, thermal, morphological, and physical characterizations

Ghislandi

Prado

Oyerviedes

et al. 2008

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…Paiva et al 38 defines

E_{s} = \frac{σ_{\max}}{ε_{\max}} (italiccosδ)

and

E_{L} = \frac{σ_{\max}}{ε_{\max}} (i sinδ)

. The sum of

E_{s}

(elastic behavior) and

E_{L}

(viscous behavior) is given by:

E^{*} = E_{S} + i E_{L} .

…”

Section: Experimental Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fiber orientation and stacking sequence on carbon/Kevlar/epoxy intraply hybrid composites under dynamic loading conditions

Samson

Kumaran

Vigneshwaran

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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This work investigated the thermo‐mechanical behavior of (carbon/Kevlar) intraply hybrid composites. The carbon/Kevlar plies' orientation and sequential arrangement were varied. Carbon and Kevlar composites, as well as five different intraply hybrids (HFRPs) composite such as carbon‐0°/Kevlar‐90°, carbon‐45°/Kevlar‐135°, carbon‐90°/Kevlar‐0°, carbon/Kevlar (inter‐changing layer), and carbon/Kevlar‐45° (inter‐changing layer) composites, and a plain epoxy panel, have been developed. The thermo‐mechanical characteristics of the fabricated composites were estimated using a dynamic automated analyzer under changing mechanical and thermal load conditions. The DMA technique measured the HFRPs composite visco‐elastic parameters by increasing the temperature from 30°C to 150°C at frequencies ranging from 1 to 20 Hz. Flexural test characteristics for neat epoxy, carbon fiber‐reinforced composites, Kevlar fiber‐reinforced composites, and carbon/Kevlar fiber‐reinforced composites were estimated to aid the study. The experimentally measured versus analytically calculated viscoelastic parameters were related. The results revealed that carbon‐90° oriented in warp direction/Kevlar‐0° oriented in weft direction exhibited higher modulus and lower loss tangent followed by carbon/Kevlar plies oriented in alternate layers and carbon/Kevlar plies oriented in inter‐changing layers at 45°. Carbon‐0° introduced in the weft direction/ Kevlar‐90° introduced in the warp direction, and carbon‐45°/Kevlar‐135° exhibited intermediate storage and loss modulus and a moderate loss tangent at the various frequency levels considered in the study.

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“…According to Paiva and Mano 27

E_{s} = \frac{σ_{\max}}{ε_{\max}} (\cos δ)

and

E_{L} = \frac{σ_{\max}}{ε_{\max}} (i \sin δ)

. The sum of storage modulus ( E S ), which deals the elastic behavior of the material and loss modulus ( E L ), which deals the viscous behavior of the material is given by:

E^{*} = E_{S} + i E_{L} .

…”

Section: Analytical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of fiber orientation and stacking sequence on carbon/E‐glass/epoxy intraply hybrid composites under dynamic loading conditions

Samson

Kumaran

Vigneshwaran

et al. 2022

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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This study investigated the dynamic mechanical properties of hybrid intraply carbon/E‐glass epoxy composites with different orientations and stacking sequences under different loading conditions with increasing temperature. A neat epoxy and five various hybrid composites such as Carbon (0°)/E‐glass (90°), Carbon (45°)/E‐glass (135°), Carbon (90°)/E‐glass (0°), Carbon/E‐glass (alternating layer), and Carbon/E‐glass (alternating layer 45°) were manufactured. Three‐point bending test and dynamic mechanical test were conducted to understand the flexural modulus and viscoelastic behavior (storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss tangent) of the composites. Dynamic mechanical test was performed with the dual cantilever method, at four different frequencies (1, 5, 10, and 20 Hz) and temperatures ranging from 30 to 150°C. The experimental results of storage modulus, loss modulus, and loss tangents were compared with the theoretical findings of neat epoxy and various hybrid composites. The glass transition temperature (Tg) increased with the increase in frequency. A linear fit of the natural log of frequency to the inverse of absolute temperature was plotted in the activation energy estimation. The interphase damping (tanδi) between plies and the strength indicator (Si) of the hybrid composites were estimated. It was observed that the neat epoxy had more insufficient storage and loss modulus and a high loss tangent at all the frequencies whereas hybrid composites had high storage and loss modulus and a low loss tangent for all the frequencies. Compared with other hybrid composites, Carbon (90°)/E‐glass (0°) had higher strength and activation energy. The result of reinforcement of hybrid fiber in neat epoxy significantly increases the material's strength and stability at higher temperatures whereas decreasing free molecular movement.

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Interfacial studies of carbon fibre / polycarbonate composites using dynamic mechanical analysis

Cited by 5 publications

References 25 publications

Functionalization of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through atom transfer radical polymerization for the preparation of poly(tert‐butyl acrylate)/CNF materials: Spectroscopic, thermal, morphological, and physical characterizations

Functionalization of carbon nanofibers (CNFs) through atom transfer radical polymerization for the preparation of poly(tert‐butyl acrylate)/CNF materials: Spectroscopic, thermal, morphological, and physical characterizations

The effect of fiber orientation and stacking sequence on carbon/Kevlar/epoxy intraply hybrid composites under dynamic loading conditions

The effect of fiber orientation and stacking sequence on carbon/E‐glass/epoxy intraply hybrid composites under dynamic loading conditions

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