Interactions between mycophagous nematodes, mycorrhizal and other soil fungi

Giannakis, Nikos; Sanders, F. E.

doi:10.1016/0167-8809(90)90270-n

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…Generally, fungivorous nematodes are polyphagous, feeding on a wide range of species of soil fungi including saprophytic, pathogenic, beneficial and mycorrhizal fungi (Freckman & Caswell, 1985; Giannakis & Sanders, 1989; Ruess & Dighton, 1996). Feeding on different fungi has differing impacts on soil ecology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food attraction and population growth of fungivorous nematodes with different fungi

Hasna

Insunza

Lagerlöf

et al. 2007

Annals of Applied Biology

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Food attraction of the fungivorous nematodes Aphelenchus avenae and Aphelenchoides spp. to seven fungal species (Pyrenochaeta lycopersici, Botrytis cinerea, Rhizoctonia solani strains AG 3 and AG 2-1, Verticillium dahliae, Pochonia bulbillosa, Mortierella hyalina and Trichoderma harzianum) was determined on agar plates by counting the number of test nematodes present on the mycelium of each fungus 24 h after inoculation. Population growth of A. avenae and Aphelenchoides spp. on five of the seven fungi included in the attraction test (P. lycopersici, R. solani strain AG 3, V. dahliae, P. bulbillosa and T. harzianum) was also determined on agar plates by counting nematode numbers every week during a 6-week period. A. avenae and Aphelenchoides spp. were attracted to all the fungi tested. A. avenae was preferentially attracted to V. dahliae (P < 0.0001), and Aphelenchoides spp. did not show any preference except for low attraction to R. solani. A. avenae and Aphelenchoides spp. reproduced on all fungal species tested. After 6 weeks of incubation, the highest number of nematodes was found on P. lycopersici and P. bulbillosa, while the lowest number occurred on R. solani for A. avenae and on T. harzianum for Aphelenchoides spp. The suitability of a fungus as a host was not clearly related to the attraction to that fungus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food attraction and population growth of fungivorous nematodes with different fungi

Hasna

Insunza

Lagerlöf

et al. 2007

Annals of Applied Biology

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“…Fungal feeding nematodes may reduce the number of hyphae of mycorrhizal fungi extending from the root surface and this has been demonstrated to reduce plant yield [65]. Giannakis and Sanders [49] reported that Aphelenchoides composticola reduced plant yield and phosphorus content of shoots of the VAM mycorrhizal Trifolium pratense presumably by feeding on mycorrhizal hyphae thereby reducing the beneficial effect of mycorrhizae on plant growth. On the other hand, infection with VAM mycorrhizae was found to increase the plant tolerance to nematode endoparasites [120].…”

Section: Microfauna-fungi Interactionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial-faunal interactions in the rhizosphere and effects on plant growth

Bonkowski

Cheng

Griffiths³

et al. 2000

European Journal of Soil Biology

175

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− Nutrient acquisition by plants occurs in an environment characterized by complex interactions between roots, micro-organisms and animals, termed the rhizosphere. Competition for mineral elements in this sphere is high. The rhizosphere processes are driven by photosynthetically fixed carbon released by roots either directly to mycorrhizal fungal symbionts or as exudates fuelling a wider spectrum of organisms, mainly bacteria. In particular, the role of the soil fauna interacting with rhizosphere micro-organisms and plant roots has so far found little attention. We present evidence that the interaction between plant roots, root exudates and micro-organisms can only be understood in relation to soil faunal activity, indicating that the soil fauna has an important function in regulating rhizosphere microbial processes and therefore significantly affects plant growth. © 2000 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS rhizosphere / microbial activity / soil biota / food web interactions / plant growth

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“…Nematodes use their stylets to puncture the cell walls of fungal hyphae and withdraw the nutritious cytoplasm. Fungivorous nematodes are usually polyphagous, feeding on a wide range of species of soil fungi including saprophytic, pathogenic, beneficial and mycorrhizal fungi (Freckman and Caswell 1985;Giannakis and Sanders 1989;Ruess, Garcia Zapata, and Dighton 2000;Hasna et al 2007). Indeed, fungivorous nematodes can reduce the efficacy of beneficial fungi as has been demonstrated for the mycoparasite Trichoderma harzianum (Bae and Knudsen 2001).…”

Section: Bioticmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and released inoculum levels of entomopathogenic fungal biocontrol agents in soil in relation to risk assessment and in accordance with EU regulations

Scheepmaker

Butt

2010

Biocontrol Science and Technology

119

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Entomopathogenic fungi being developed as biological control agents (BCAs) may have the potential to spread and become established in the environment. For registration purposes, the risks concerning their persistence have to be evaluated according to EU legislation which requires the decline of BCAs to acceptable background levels unless related risks are acceptable. In order to deal with this requirement, applicants of a BCA need to give information on its persistence and natural background levels. For risk assessors and registration authorities guidance on how to evaluate data on natural background levels of indigenously occurring species (0same species as the introduced BCA) is needed. For this purpose, an overview is presented on background levels of some indigenous fungi as well as persistence data of some applied fungal BCAs. Data were restricted to commerical species. It was found that for the species Metarhizium anisopliae, Beauveria bassiana and Beauveria brongniartii natural densities were relatively low and introduced strains of these fungi decreased gradually in time. Many factors were found in the literature, such as intrinsic, edaphic, biotic, climatic, and cultural factors, that could explain this decline.

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Interactions between mycophagous nematodes, mycorrhizal and other soil fungi

Cited by 33 publications

References 103 publications

Food attraction and population growth of fungivorous nematodes with different fungi

Food attraction and population growth of fungivorous nematodes with different fungi

Microbial-faunal interactions in the rhizosphere and effects on plant growth

Natural and released inoculum levels of entomopathogenic fungal biocontrol agents in soil in relation to risk assessment and in accordance with EU regulations

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