Interactions between marine bacteria and red tide organisms in Korean waters

Abstract

There is increasing interest in the relationships between marine bacteria and red tide organisms. Some bacteria are known to kill red tide organisms, and may be responsible for accelerating the termination of red tides. Thus, certain algicidal bacteria have been proposed for the control of red tides. Meanwhile, many red tide organisms are known to feed on marine bacteria. The roles of marine bacteria and red tide organisms are therefore reversible. In Korean waters, the killing of red tide organisms by algicidal bacteria, and also the feeding of red tide organisms on marine bacteria have been extensively investigated. The findings of such studies may influence the conventional view of red tide dynamics, and also planktonic food webs. Here, we review the species and concentrations of algicidal bacteria that kill red tide organisms in Korean waters, as well as the ingestion rate and grazing impact of red tide organisms on marine bacteria. Furthermore, we offer an insight into the ecological roles of these 2 components in marine planktonic food webs.

Metaproteomics reveals major microbial players and their metabolic activities during the blooming period of a marine dinoflagellateProrocentrum donghaiense

“…Some Pseudoalteromonadaceae species show specific algicidal activity to P . donghaiense by algal‐lytic compounds with beta‐glucosidase activity (Kim et al ., ; Seong and Jeong, ). In our study, beta‐glucosidase, an extracellular enzyme catalyzing the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds, was detected from the Pseudoalteromonadaceae only in the late‐blooming phase, suggesting an active role of this group in lysing P .…”

Algicidal Bacteria: A Review of Current Knowledge and Applications to Control Harmful Algal Blooms

“…In addition, laboratory culture experiments commonly use cell densities that far exceed those that would be encountered in the environment, raising the question of whether encounters and interactions between algicidal bacteria and target algal species at environmentally relevant concentrations would occur at a rate necessary to affect blooms. Seong and Jeong (2013) determined that the lowest concentrations of a broad spectrum of algicidal bacteria species required to kill their intended target ranged from 3.7 × 10 3 to 1.3 × 10 6 cells mL –1 . Other biotic and abiotic interactions can also play role in algicidal activity in the field.…”

Isolate-specific resistance to the algicidal bacterium Kordia algicida in the diatom Chaetoceros genus

“…Such a shift has recently been shown in mesocosms after infection of a natural community with the algicidal bacterium Kordia algicida (Sohn) (Bigalke et al 2019). The topic of specificity is also intensely studied in the fields of biotechnology and environmental engineering, especially in the control of harmful algal blooms (Gumbo et al 2008, Seong and Jeong 2013, Shao et al 2013. In these fields specificity is especially desirable since it allows the development of biocompatible tools that affect only the targeted species.…”