Interaction Potential between Biological Sensing Nanoparticles Determined by Combining Small-Angle X-ray Scattering and Model-Potential-Free Liquid Theory

Abstract

Biological sensing technology utilizing nanoparticles extends through a diverse range of fields. The nanosensing is controlled using the assembly/disassembly of nanoparticles dominated by interaction forces between them. Although the interaction potential surface gives decisive information on the sensing mechanism, evaluating the quantitative profile has been impossible due to extremely complicated interactions of conjugated soft matter. In this study, a model-potential-free determination of the interaction potential surfaces was devised by combining small-angle scattering and liquid-state theory. The model-potential-free liquid theory was developed for colloidal nanoparticles inherently with strong van der Waals attraction forces by their nanoscopic size. The present method extracts interaction potential between nanoparticles even in systems with complicated interactions due to conjugated soft matter. By applying this determination method to a glutathione-triggered biosensing reaction, interaction potential curves between biosensing nanoparticles were realized for the first time. The analysis revealed peculiar potential surfaces of the sensing nanoparticles. The mechanism of colorimetric nanosensing function based on surface plasmon resonance is discussed from the viewpoint of the assembly/disassembly of nanoparticles in nanocomposites dominated by the interaction potential surfaces.

Unveiling the Interaction Potential Surface between Drug-Entrapped Polymeric Micelles Clarifying the High Drug Nanocarrier Efficiency

“…(2) Transformation of the spatial structure into an interaction potential surface was calculated without eliminating any of the interactions using a model-potential-free (MPF) liquidstate theory. The MPF theory [13][14][15][16][17] enables us to realize potential surface in complex systems without eliminating the interaction forces, as it did not require any specific model-potential functions. The DLVO model is commonly applied to evaluate the potential surface between colloid particles with electrostatic interaction.…”

“…(2) Transformation of the spatial structure into an interaction potential surface was calculated without eliminating any of the interactions using a model-potential-free (MPF) liquid-state theory. The MPF theory − enables us to realize the potential surface in complex systems without eliminating the interaction forces, as it did not require any specific model-potential functions. The DLVO model is commonly applied to evaluate the potential surface between colloid particles with electrostatic interaction. , The attractive force is often replaced by a Yukawa-type potential with variable parameters to account for specific interactions induced by investigated systems. , Unfortunately, using the DLVO-type or Yukawa-type potential model, it is difficult to quantitatively solve the potential surface in complex systems because these introduced model-functions cause limited expression for the quantitative profile.…”