Inter-individual cognitive variability in children with Asperger's syndrome

González-Gadea, María Luz; Tripicchio, Paula; Rattazzi, Alexia; Báez, Sandra; Marino, Julián; Roca, María; Manes, Facundo; Ibáñez, Agustín

doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00575

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 84 publications

(150 reference statements)

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“…After filtering the initial 71 articles for the inclusion criteria, 59 articles remained; 17 of these articles were excluded because they only offered limited data. Some articles only reported a mean score, without reporting a minimum or maximum, which did not allow us to calculate percentages ( 37 , 38 ). Other articles only reported a mean and standard deviation for one cognitive measure ( 39 ) or did not report a mean and standard deviation at all ( 40 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Executive Dysfunctions Relevant for the Autism-Specific Cognitive Profile?

et al. 2022

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Executive functions (EF) have been shown to be important for the understanding of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), but dysfunctions of EF are not autism-specific. The specific role of EF in ASD, its relationship to core autism characteristics, such as mentalizing, needs to be explored. Medline- and PsychINFO databases were searched for studies published between 1990 and 2020 that included measures of EF in ASD and typically developing control persons (TD) in combination with either Theory of Mind (ToM) or Weak Central Coherence (WCC) tasks. A pre-registered meta-analysis and cross-study regression was performed including a total of 42 studies (ASD n = 1,546, TD n = 1,206). Results were reported according to PRISMA guidelines. In all cognitive domains, the ASD group showed significantly reduced performance. Importantly, EF subdomains and ToM were not significantly correlated. This finding rules out a significant association between EF subdomains and ToM and questions the relevance of EF dysfunctions for the autism-specific feature of reduced mentalizing.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Executive Dysfunctions Relevant for the Autism-Specific Cognitive Profile?

et al. 2022

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“…To gain deeper knowledge of possible shared underlying mechanisms of autism, cognitive characteristics have been studied (e.g., Frith, 2012). However, high levels of heterogeneity are observed within autistic cognitive characteristics as well (Gonzalez-Gadea et al, 2014). Possibly, a more individualized approach to cognitive differences in autism can help us understand the heterogeneity observed in autism.…”

Section: Heterogeneity In Autistic Adultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

One Size Does Not Fit All: An Individualized Approach to Understand Heterogeneous Cognitive Performance in Autistic Adults

Torenvliet¹,

Groenman²,

Radhoe³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Cognitive performances of autistic people vary widely. When studying cognitive aging in autistic adults, this heterogeneity might have caused previous group-based comparisons to overlook those autistic adults that are particularly vulnerable for cognitive decline. The current study aimed to 1) assess the applicability of a new statistical method, namely multivariate normative comparisons (MNC), to assess cognitive performance in autism individually, 2) understand cognitive heterogeneity in autistic adults using MNC. As pre-registered, we performed MNC in a comparison sample of 254 non-autistic adults, and two independent autism samples of 118, and respectively 86 autistic adults (range: 20-85 years, mean: 50 years). MNC statistically assess cognitive deviancy on the entire cognitive profile, in an individual manner. Cognitive performance was measured on eleven outcomes in six domains (verbal/visual memory, working memory, verbal fluency, Theory of Mind, and psychomotor speed). Using MNC, about twice as many autistic individuals had a deviant cognitive profile as compared to non-autistic individuals. Importantly, most autistic individuals (>80%) did not have a deviant cognitive profile. Cognitive deviancy as indicated by MNC was significantly associated with higher levels of psychological distress in autistic adults specifically, showing the clinical relevance of this method. Therefore, MNC seem a useful tool to individually detect meaningful cognitive differences in autism. These results are consistent with previous cognitive studies suggesting that most autistic individuals show fairly similar cognitive profiles to non-autistic individuals in adulthood, but also highlight the necessity for individualized approaches which better reflect the (cognitive) heterogeneity observed in autistic people.

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“…Por su parte, el perfil cognitivo de la población con SA destaca por ser ampliamente heterogéneo, con picos que sobresalen la media y habilidades cognitivas significativamente por debajo de la norma (González-Gadea et al, 2014). En general, la investigación coincide en resaltar los déficits de estos sujetos en memoria de trabajo y velocidad de procesamiento (Oliveras-Rentas, Kenworthy, Roberson, Martin, & Wallace, 2012;Planche & Lemonnier, 2012), así como un patrón de comprensión verbal notablemente superior al razonamiento perceptivo que permite diferenciar a esta población de otros tipos de trastornos del espectro autista (Nedelcu & Buceta, 2012).…”

Section: Estudios Previos Sobre Perfiles Cognitivos En Tndunclassified

Análisis de Perfiles Cognitivos en Población Clínica Infantil con Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo

Vacas¹,

Antolí²,

Sánchez-Raya³

et al. 2020

REV IBEROAM DIAGN EV

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ResumenDada su común afectación en el lenguaje, este estudio pretende explorar el perfil cognitivo asociado al Trastorno Específico del Aprendizaje, Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje, Síndrome de Asperger, Trastorno por Déficit de Atención e Hiperactividad subtipos Inatento y Combinado formulando criterios de exclusión que orienten el diagnóstico. Se contó con 156 casos clínicos de entre 6 y 15 años (M=9.5, DT=2.18) evaluados con WISC-IV, considerando como variables dependientes los índices comprensión verbal, razonamiento perceptivo, memoria de trabajo, velocidad de procesamiento y CI total. El análisis de datos se centró en detectar diferencias intergrupo e intragrupo. Los resultados muestran que el Trastorno Específico del Lenguaje presenta un perfil distintivo respecto a los demás. También se observa que generalmente memoria de trabajo es el índice más afectado, mientras que razonamiento perceptivo se mantiene intacto. Estas conclusiones repercuten en la práctica clínica permitiendo concretar distinciones entre trastornos e individualizar intervenciones.Palabras clave: perfil cognitivo, trastornos del neurodesarrollo, WISC-IV, análisis de discrepancias, diagnóstico AbstractConsidering their common affection in certain language dimensions, this study attempts to explore cognitive profiles associated with Specific Learning Disorders, Specific Language Impairment, Asperger Syndrome and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in two dimensions (Predominantly Inattentive and Combined). The sample consisted of a clinical population of 156 children between 6 and 15 years old (M=9.5, SD=2.18) who were applied WISC-IV. The four indexes from this scale (verbal comprehension, perceptual reasoning, working memory and processing speed) and the full-scale intelligence quotient were considered as dependent variables. Data analysis was focused on the assessment of intergroup and intragroup differences. Results prove a highly distinctive profile for Specific Language Impairment compared to the other disorders and a general pattern of strengths and weaknesses among them. Conclusions from this study contribute to the improvement of clinical practice as our data highlight significant differences between neurodevelopmental disorders which may drive to more individualised interventions.

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Inter-individual cognitive variability in children with Asperger's syndrome

Cited by 12 publications

References 84 publications

Are Executive Dysfunctions Relevant for the Autism-Specific Cognitive Profile?

Are Executive Dysfunctions Relevant for the Autism-Specific Cognitive Profile?

One Size Does Not Fit All: An Individualized Approach to Understand Heterogeneous Cognitive Performance in Autistic Adults

Análisis de Perfiles Cognitivos en Población Clínica Infantil con Trastornos del Neurodesarrollo

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