Integrin α3 subunit participates in myoblast adhesion and fusion in vitro

Brzóska, Edyta; Bello, Valérie; Darribère, Thierry; Moraczewski, Jerzy

doi:10.1111/j.1432-0436.2005.00059.x

Cited by 49 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…We performed experiments using an antibody specific for the extracellular domains of M-cadherin and showed that it inhibited the fusion of cultured myoblasts. Our observations suggest significant role of M-cadherin in the differentiation of satellite cells and in myoblast fusion in primary cultures Moreover, we showed (Brzoska et al, 2006a), that the integrin α3 subunit was expressed in quiescent and activated satellite cells and was localized at cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix contacts during myoblasts differentiation (Fig. 3D).…”

Section: D B Asupporting

confidence: 62%

From Planarians to Mammals - the many faces of regeneration

Moraczewski

Archacka²,

Brzóska³

et al. 2008

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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This report presents the history of the involvement of the Department of Cytology in studies of different aspects of regeneration. It can be divided into two major phases; the first focused on the regeneration of Turbellarians and the second on the regeneration of rat skeletal muscles including the differentiation of satellite cells in vitro. Regeneration of Turbellarians was investigated both at the cellular and molecular levels including the role of the protein kinase C (PKC) in this process. Studies on skeletal muscle regeneration initially focused on factors involved in regulation of signal transduction pathways. Next, we explored the influence of growth factors on the modulation of the regeneration process. Another important aspect of our studies was investigating of the distribution and function of different proteins involved in adhesion and fusion of myoblasts. Finally, we are also conducting research on the role of stem cells from other tissues in the regeneration of skeletal muscle. KEY WORDS: regeneration, planaria, skeletal muscleIn this report we present the history of the involvement of the Department of Cytology team in the studies on regeneration dated from 1974. This research may be divided into two major phases. First, we concentrated our efforts on the regeneration of Turbellarians. Then, in 1987, we switched our research model to the regeneration of the rat skeletal muscle and the differentiation of satellite cells in vitro. In this article we demonstrate the main topics of the studies conducted solely by the members of our group or in collaboration with other laboratories. Planarian regenerationPlanarians serve as a good model for the study of cell differentiation. Due the presence of totipotent stem cells they are characterized by an unique ability to regenerate. These stem cells (neoblasts) are responsible for the regeneration and growth. Neoblasts are true totipotent stem cells, like embryonic stem cells in vertebrates. They can be involved in the differentiation of all planarian tissues. Turbellarian of the order Catenulida were cultured in our laboratory for 6 years and served those days as a subject of various studies (Fig. 1). Our first publication in that we focused at Catenula concerned its asexual reproduction and regeneration (Moraczewski, 1977). The examination of the ultrastructure of the myodermal body wall by (Moraczewski and Czubaj, 1974) and (Soltynska et al., 1976), as well as of the nervous system by (Moraczewski et al., 1977a, Moraczewski et Int. J. Dev. Biol. 52: 219-227 (2008) ., 1977b), made it possible to trace precisely the course of regeneration and paratomy i.e. transverse fission during which differentiation of new organs occurred prior to separation from the mother animal ( Fig. 1 A,B). These studies showed that fissioning in Catenula was a typical paratomy as defined by (Wagner, 1890). The Catenula species analyzed by us always divided into only two zooids, and fission always occurred behind the intestine. The opisthe i.e. he posterior daughter org...

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Section: D B Asupporting

confidence: 62%

From Planarians to Mammals - the many faces of regeneration

Moraczewski

Archacka²,

Brzóska³

et al. 2008

Int. J. Dev. Biol.

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“…Knockdown of a3 or b1 integrin, or inhibition of a9b1 integrin function inhibits myoblast fusion both in vitro and in vivo. 15,16,17 In parallel with studies in Drosophila, knockdown of BRAG2 in cultured mammalian myoblasts also impairs fusion, apparently by disrupting the organization of focal adhesions. 13 Studies from our laboratory have shown that BRAG2 modulates the level of cell surface b1-integrin, at least in part by regulating its rate of endocytosis.…”

Section: Integrin Traffickingmentioning

confidence: 81%

The BRAG/IQSec family of Arf GEFs

D’Souza

Casanova

2016

Small GTPases

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The IQSec/BRAG proteins are a subfamily of Arf-nucleotide exchange factors. Since their discovery almost 15 y ago, the BRAGs have been reported to be involved in diverse physiological processes from myoblast fusion, neuronal pathfinding and angiogenesis, to pathophysiological processes including X-linked intellectual disability and tumor metastasis. In this review we will address how, in each of these situations, the BRAGs are thought to regulate the surface levels of adhesive and signaling receptors. While in most cases BRAGs are thought to enhance the endocytosis of these receptors, how they achieve this remains unclear. Similarly, while all 3 BRAG proteins contain calmodulin-binding IQ motifs, little is known about how their activities might be regulated by calcium. These are some of the questions that are likely to form the basis of future research.

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“…For example, molecules such as musclecadherin (M-cadherin), integrins and a disintegrin and metalloprotease 12 (Adam12) are commonly found localized at the contact sites in both contacting muscle cells (Cifuentes-Diaz et al, 1995;Schwander et al, 2003;Lafuste et al, 2005;Brzoska et al, 2006). M-cadherin function is required for myotube formation in vitro (Zeschnigk et al, 1995;Charrasse et al, 2006) but not in vivo (Hollnagel et al, 2002), suggesting that other cadherins or cell adhesion molecules may functionally compensate for the lack of Mcadherin.…”

Section: Myoblast Migration Recognition and Adhesion In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

“…M-cadherin function is required for myotube formation in vitro (Zeschnigk et al, 1995;Charrasse et al, 2006) but not in vivo (Hollnagel et al, 2002), suggesting that other cadherins or cell adhesion molecules may functionally compensate for the lack of Mcadherin. Eliminating the function of 1 integrin, 3 integrin and 9 integrin decreases myoblast fusion in vitro (Schwander et al, 2003;Lafuste et al, 2005;Brzoska et al, 2006) and in vivo (Schwander et al, 2003). Adam12 is a transmembrane protein that contains an integrin-binding site and can bind 91 integrin in muscle cells (Lafuste et al, 2005).…”

Section: Myoblast Migration Recognition and Adhesion In Micementioning

confidence: 99%

Myoblast fusion: lessons from flies and mice

2012

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The fusion of myoblasts into multinucleate syncytia plays a fundamental role in muscle function, as it supports the formation of extended sarcomeric arrays, or myofibrils, within a large volume of cytoplasm. Principles learned from the study of myoblast fusion not only enhance our understanding of myogenesis, but also contribute to our perspectives on membrane fusion and cell-cell fusion in a wide array of model organisms and experimental systems. Recent studies have advanced our views of the cell biological processes and crucial proteins that drive myoblast fusion. Here, we provide an overview of myoblast fusion in three model systems that have contributed much to our understanding of these events: the Drosophila embryo; developing and regenerating mouse muscle; and cultured rodent muscle cells. IntroductionThe process of fusing two adjacent membranes accomplishes many goals that are crucial to the development and maintenance of living organisms. Broadly, membrane fusion can occur intracellularly, as with synaptic vesicles, or between cells, as for sperm-egg fusion. Cell fusion occurs in a broad range of organisms, including Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans, and between several cell types, such as macrophages, placental trophoblasts and myoblasts. Experimental analysis of fusion in these systems has revealed the involvement of a diverse array of specialized molecules.Myoblast fusion, a fundamental step in the differentiation of muscle in most organisms, can involve tens of thousands of myoblasts, Given the complexity of the musculature, fusion must be a regulated process in which the appropriate number of cells fuse at the appropriate time and place. Often these cells migrate long distances prior to fusion, and fusion can involve multiple cell types, necessitating cell recognition and adhesion, which are crucial to accurate and efficient fusion. In addition to the early fusion events that occur during embryogenesis, vertebrate muscle tissue is able to regenerate in response to damage and disease. This regeneration involves proliferation of muscle satellite cells (see Glossary, Box 1) and their subsequent fusion to repair the damaged muscles. The focus of this review is the process of myoblast fusion, which involves cell migration, adhesion and signaling transduction pathways leading up to the actual fusion event. We review the crucial role of the actin cytoskeleton and actin polymerizing proteins, and recently revealed membrane protrusions that may drive fusion itself. We describe three powerful systems for this analysis: Drosophila embryogenesis; mouse embryogenesis and regeneration; and rodent tissue culture. We highlight the genes and morphological events involved in myoblast fusion, as revealed by each system. With the emergence of Danio rerio as another model for myoblast fusion, we also list relevant homologs in this system (Tables 1, 2). Experimental systems for the analysis of myoblast fusionThe ability to isolate and propagate mammalian myoblasts that could differentiate and fuse in...

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Integrin α3 subunit participates in myoblast adhesion and fusion in vitro

Cited by 49 publications

References 62 publications

From Planarians to Mammals - the many faces of regeneration

From Planarians to Mammals - the many faces of regeneration

The BRAG/IQSec family of Arf GEFs

Myoblast fusion: lessons from flies and mice

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