Integration of Offshore Wind Farm Using a Hybrid HVDC Transmission Composed by the PWM Current-Source Converter and Line-Commutated Converter

Torres-Olguin, Raymundo E.; Garcés, Alejandro; Molinas, Marta; Undeland, Tore

doi:10.1109/tec.2012.2230535

Cited by 94 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…A series tapping station based on a CSC for offshore wind power integration was introduced in [10]. CSCs has been considered for high voltage purposes in several papers: [11] presents a CSC based Static Synchronous Compensator (STATCOM), an HVDC link based on two CSCs is introduced in [12], an hybrid system with one CSC and a LCC is proposed in [13], [14] and several cascaded CSCs in both OWPP side and grid side of the HVDC link are suggested in [15], [16]. Several more applications can be found in [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation and control of a Current Source Converter series tapping of an LCC-HVDC link for integration of Offshore Wind Power Plants

Sau-Bassols

Prieto‐Araujo

Arellano

et al. 2016

Electric Power Systems Research

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operation and control of a Current Source Converter series tapping of an LCC-HVDC link for integration of Offshore Wind Power Plants

Sau-Bassols

Prieto‐Araujo

Arellano

et al. 2016

Electric Power Systems Research

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“…Over the past few years, voltage source converter (VSC) high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) has proven to be a superior solution to wind power integration [6], [7]. Self-commutated semiconductors enable wind-farm-side (WFS) VSCs to independently control AC voltage and supply passive loads as well as weak grids [8]. Furthermore, modular multilevel converters (MMC) have advantages over two-level VSCs [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Emotional Learning Controllers for AC Voltage and Circulating Current of Wind-Farm-Side Modular Multilevel Converters

Li¹,

Liao²,

Liu³

et al. 2016

Journal of Power Electronics

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The introduction of a high-voltage direct-current (HVDC) system based on a modular multilevel converter (MMC) for wind farm integration has stimulated studies on methods to control this type of converter. This research article focuses on the control of the AC voltage and circulating current for a wind-farm-side MMC (WFS-MMC). After theoretical analysis, emotional learning (EL) controllers are proposed for the controls. The EL controllers are derived from the learning mechanisms of the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex which make the WFS-MMC insensitive to variance in system parameters, power change, and fault in the grid. The d-axis and q-axis currents are respectively considered for the d-axis and q-axis voltage controls to improve the performance of AC voltage control. The practicability of the proposed control is verified under various conditions with a point-to-point MMC-HVDC system. Simulation results show that the proposed method is superior to the traditional proportional-integral controller.

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“…Some other studies have only investigated the optimal configuration for the transmission system which brings the OWF power to the mainland, without considering the electrical interconnection of the wind turbines within the farm [7], [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, they have only considered minimization of the total cable length, have worked on optimal interconnection configuration of OWFs by using metaheuristic methods without considering cable dimensions in the optimization problem. Furthermore, the impact of the location of the power collecting hub within the farm is not investigated in most literature.Some other studies have only investigated the optimal configuration for the transmission system which brings the OWF power to the mainland, without considering the electrical interconnection of the wind turbines within the farm [7], [8].This paper aims to cover this gap in the literature by optimizing both the interconnecting cable dimensions and the interconnection configuration by using a Genetic Algorithm (GA), as well as illustrating the impact of the location of the hub on the overall cost. Including cable dimension in the fitness function, creates a nonlinear optimization problem (due to existence of a variable cost coefficient), thus GA is an appropriate optimization tool to be used.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Electrical Interconnection Configuration of Off-Shore Wind Farms

Sedighi¹,

Moradzadeh²,

Kükrer³

et al. 2015

JOCET

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Abstract-Development of large-scale Off-shore Wind Farms (OWFs) around the world has created different technical and economic challenges. Optimal configuration of the electrical interconnection of the OWFs is a key factor to minimize the investment and operational costs. This paper proposes an optimization formulation by using a Genetic Algorithm (GA) to find the optimal electrical interconnection configuration for a given OWF topology with different number of turbines. A search algorithm has been incorporated into the objective function that enumerates all feasible power flow directions from all turbines towards the power collecting hub, identifying the power flow path that minimizes the cable dimensions and thus the overall cost. The algorithm has been tested on several OWF topologies. The impact of the location of the hub has also been investigated by way of simulations. Furthermore, a comparison between single-hub and multi-hub solution has been made for multi-OWF system. The results show that multi-hub solution can be a better choice in general, especially when only the interconnection cost is compared. Index Terms-Off-shore Wind Farm (OWF), optimal interconnection configuration, Genetic Algorithm (GA), Transmission line I. INTRODUCTIONOff-shore Wind Farms (OWFs) are nowadays becoming a preferred solution over on-shore wind farms, to reduce the environmental implications in order to meet the high electrical power demand of modern societies [1]. In general, major difference between the cost of OWF and on-shore ones is the foundations cost, the cost of maintenance and electrical interconnection and transmission system to the shore.In the past years, some studies aimed to find optimal interconnection configuration by addressing different power collecting systems for on-shore and off-shore wind farms. Reference [2] compares different power collecting methodologies in order to find optimal electrical configuration in on-shore wind farms by considering total cable length with minimum spanning tree algorithm. A similar study has been done in [3] for OWFs. However, they have only considered minimization of the total cable length, have worked on optimal interconnection configuration of OWFs by using metaheuristic methods without considering cable dimensions in the optimization problem. Furthermore, the impact of the location of the power collecting hub within the farm is not investigated in most literature.Some other studies have only investigated the optimal configuration for the transmission system which brings the OWF power to the mainland, without considering the electrical interconnection of the wind turbines within the farm [7], [8].This paper aims to cover this gap in the literature by optimizing both the interconnecting cable dimensions and the interconnection configuration by using a Genetic Algorithm (GA), as well as illustrating the impact of the location of the hub on the overall cost. Including cable dimension in the fitness function, creates a nonlinear optimization problem (due to existence of a varia...

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Integration of Offshore Wind Farm Using a Hybrid HVDC Transmission Composed by the PWM Current-Source Converter and Line-Commutated Converter

Cited by 94 publications

References 24 publications

Operation and control of a Current Source Converter series tapping of an LCC-HVDC link for integration of Offshore Wind Power Plants

Operation and control of a Current Source Converter series tapping of an LCC-HVDC link for integration of Offshore Wind Power Plants

Design of Emotional Learning Controllers for AC Voltage and Circulating Current of Wind-Farm-Side Modular Multilevel Converters

Optimal Electrical Interconnection Configuration of Off-Shore Wind Farms

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