Integrating the Principles of Toxicology Into a Chemistry Curriculum

Anastas, Nicholas D.; Maertens, Alexandra

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809270-5.00004-2

Cited by 26 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…The greater is the loss of matter, the lower is the processing yield; however, the processing yields were still high enough to be considered as high-yield treatments. Such yields ensure the minimum generation of residues during the processing of the lignocellulosic material, agreeing with the principles of green chemistry [ 18 ]. Consequently, submitting biomass to higher NaOH concentrations was discarded as the generation of residues would be unreasonable.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

“…This could finally make the harvesting of this plant an important factor influencing the industrial and social development of the geographic places where it is cultivated. Environmentally, using a residue coming from an industrial process with the final purpose of adding value is the goal of the circular economy [ 16 , 17 ] and is also in line with the principles of green chemistry [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Valorization of Hemp Core Residues: Impact of NaOH Treatment on the Flexural Strength of PP Composites and Intrinsic Flexural Strength of Hemp Core Fibers

et al. 2020

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Hemp core is a lignocellulosic residue in the production chain of hemp strands. Huge amounts of hemp core are gathered annually in Europe (43,000 tons) with no major application end. Such lignocellulosic wastes have potential as filling or reinforcing material to replace synthetic fibers and wood fibers in polymer composites. In this study, hemp core biomass was treated under different NaOH concentrations and then defibrated by means of Sprout Waldron equipment to obtain single fibers. Polypropylene matrix was reinforced up to 50 wt.% and the resulting hemp core fibers and the flexural properties were investigated. The results show that the flexural strength of composites increased with the intensity of NaOH treatment. The effect of NaOH was attributed to the removal of extractives and lignin in the fiber cell wall leading to improved interfacial adhesion characteristics. Besides, a methodology was established for the estimation of the intrinsic flexural strength of hemp core fibers. The intrinsic flexural strength of hemp core fibers was calculated to be 940 MPa for fibers treated at 10 wt.% of NaOH. In addition, a relationship between the lignin content and the intrinsic strength of the fibers was established.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 57%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Valorization of Hemp Core Residues: Impact of NaOH Treatment on the Flexural Strength of PP Composites and Intrinsic Flexural Strength of Hemp Core Fibers

et al. 2020

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“…Chemistry education has reflected this conceptual transition during the last 20 years, and curricula in many countries have been revisited. 24,32,33 In 1997, a doctoral programme on GC was introduced at a university for the first time. §…”

Section: From Chemistry Education To Green Chemistry Education To Sus...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Education in green chemistry and in sustainable chemistry: perspectives towards sustainability

et al. 2021

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“…74,95 The organic chemistry lecture is the appropriate time to first introduce students to basic toxicology concepts and mechanisms. 40,95,96 The impact of chemical structure on the function of a molecule, including the toxicity and environmental impact, is important to the design of chemicals with reduced human and environmental hazards, and for predicting the potential hazards associated with chemicals in later coursework. 97 A basic understanding of how organic compounds can affect human health and the environment can be offered when discussing relevant molecular mechanisms (i.e., S N 1, S N 2, acylation, Schiff Base formation, Michael addition, and S N Ar).…”

Section: Journal Of Chemical Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating Green Chemistry in the Curriculum: Building Student Skills in Systems Thinking, Safety, and Sustainability

et al. 2019

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Chemistry educators have a responsibility to teach students about the essential role the field of chemistry has in a sustainable future for the planet. Chemical products, such as pharmaceuticals, plastics, electronics, agrochemicals, and building materials, all benefit society yet unintended consequences resulting from the production and use of these products compel chemists to develop new technologies which minimize their harm. The Committee on Professional Training (CPT)’s recently adopted Supplement on “Green Chemistry in the Curriculum” promotes the inclusion of green chemistry in the undergraduate curriculum. The design of safer technologies is enabled by a systems thinking approach, which analyzes the life cycle of every component of a chemical process. The skills utilized by systems thinking in green chemistry have the potential to foresee and avoid unintended consequences of new chemical products. In this article we illustrate how the inclusion of green chemistry in general and organic chemistry courses connects structure and reactivity to a chemical’s impact on the environment and human health. For example, applying green chemistry principles and systems thinking concepts to safety instruction not only teaches students to assess risk for performing a reaction but also extends to sustainability considerations such as feedstocks and waste produced. The study of the life cycle of chemicals connects green metrics and system thinking tools to recognize environmental and societal impacts. Though green chemistry curriculum materials are increasingly available, there is a need for educators to develop and assess systems thinking models for the classroom and laboratory. Overall, students equipped with the knowledge and ability to apply green and sustainable principles and the ability to make connections through systems thinking will be prepared to contribute to solving today’s sustainability challenges.

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Integrating the Principles of Toxicology Into a Chemistry Curriculum

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Valorization of Hemp Core Residues: Impact of NaOH Treatment on the Flexural Strength of PP Composites and Intrinsic Flexural Strength of Hemp Core Fibers

Valorization of Hemp Core Residues: Impact of NaOH Treatment on the Flexural Strength of PP Composites and Intrinsic Flexural Strength of Hemp Core Fibers

Education in green chemistry and in sustainable chemistry: perspectives towards sustainability

Integrating Green Chemistry in the Curriculum: Building Student Skills in Systems Thinking, Safety, and Sustainability

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