Integrated Offshore Wind and Seashore Wave Farm Fed to a Power Grid Using a UPFC

Abstract

This project presents the analyzed results of an integrated offshore wind and seashore wave farm fed to an onshore power grid through a unified power flow controller (UPFC) to simultaneously achieve power-fluctuation mitigation and stability improvement. A damping controller of the proposed UPFC is designed by using modal control theory to render adequate damping characteristics to the studied system. A frequency-domain scheme based on a linear system and a time-domain scheme based on a nonlinear system. From time domain analysis, the UPFC is designed. The proposed UPFC joined with the designed damping controller can effectively stabilize the studied integrated OWF and SWF under various interruption conditions. The fluctuated power injected in to the power grid can also be effectively mitigated by the proposed control scheme.

Grid integration aspects of wave energy—Overview and perspectives

“…Since this combination does not require any technological development due to the utilisation of developed technologies, it will only need suitable grid planning and integration. There are some studies that discuss combined wave and wind energy utilisation for electricity production and grid integration [87, 126, 142–148]. In [126], the output power variations of combined wind and wave farms are analysed, and it is demonstrated that combined utilisation is better than an individual wave or wind farms, according to the reserve requirements.…”

“…Alex et al. [147] present a similar approach to that of Wang et al., and presented UPFC with a damping controller‐based grid connection, for a combined wind and wave farm, concluding that the given combination achieves dynamic stability and mitigation of power variations. A DC microgrid consisting of both wave and wind energy is proposed by Lu et al.…”