Integrated Environmental Risk Management of Future Produced Water Disposal
Options at Draugen on the Norwegian Continental Shelf

Vik, E.; Bakke, S.; Stang, P.; Edvardsson, T.; Gadeholt, G.

doi:10.2523/61179-ms

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…Suspended particulates and traces of dissolved hydrocarbons are removed by hydrocyclones operated in parallel, and entrained gases are removed in degassers. Most cleaned produced water is discharged into the sea [27,28,30]. Seawater is supplied to the system, pumped and processed in the cooling water system.…”

Section: Condensate Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Concluding remarks are outlined in Section 5. Vented gas Figure 1: Process flow diagram of the processing plant of the Norwegian Sea offshore platform investigated in this work, based on data available at [26][27][28][29][30][31] and input by Norske Shell A/S. Reservoir fluid, oil and condensate streams are indicated in brown, gas streams in orange, produced water in green, seawater in blue and glycol in indigo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water production started in 1998 and has drastically increased, reaching a water cut (water fraction in the reservoir fluid) above 90% in the last years. The oil production peak was reached between 2000 and 2002 [28,32,33].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic analysis of an upstream petroleum plant operated on a mature field

Nguyen

Jacyno

Breuhaus

et al. 2014

Energy

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Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA):Nguyen, T-V., Jacyno, T., Breuhaus, P., Voldsund, M., & Elmegaard, B. (2014). Thermodynamic analysis of an upstream petroleum plant operated on a mature field. Energy, 68, 454-469. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2014 Thermodynamic analysis of an upstream petroleum plant operated on a mature field AbstractOil and gas processing on offshore platforms operates under changing boundary conditions over a field lifespan, as the hydrocarbon production declines and the water extraction increases. In this paper, the processing plant of the Draugen platform is evaluated by performing an energy and exergy analysis. This facility exploits an end-life oilfield and runs at conditions deviating significantly from its optimal operating specifications. Two different operating modes were assessed, and process models were developed using the simulation tools Aspen Plus R and Aspen HYSYS R , based on measured and reconciliated process data. The total energy demand is moderately sensitive to daily and monthly variations: it ranges between 22 and 30 MW, of which 18-26 MW and about 3-4 MW are in electrical and thermal energy forms. The greatest exergy destruction takes place in the gas treatment (51%), recompression (12%) and production manifold (10%) modules. The separation work performed on this platform is greater than in similar facilities because of higher propane and water fractions of the well-streams. These findings emphasise the differences between peak and end-life productions: they suggest (i) to set focus on processes including gas expansion and compression, (ii) to investigate possibilities for an improved energy integration, and (iii) to consider and evaluate alternative system designs.

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Section: Condensate Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic analysis of an upstream petroleum plant operated on a mature field

Nguyen

Jacyno

Breuhaus

et al. 2014

Energy

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Produced Water: Environmental Issues/ Technological Solution of the Nigeria Depletion Era

Ukpohor

2001

SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition

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Environmental literatures have been greatly concerned with possible detrimental effect of continued produced water discharged in offshore and onshore areas. While it remains a major policy for the operating companies in Oil production to be environmental friendly in achieving their goal of maximum petroleum exploitation, certain natural phenomenon tends to pull a negative effect on the production of Produced water as an inevitable associate of crude oil. As the Depletion of crude oil reservoirs in Nigeria becomes more evident by nature of maturing field, the production of Produced water, which varies directly as Depletion will be increasing at almost a geometric rate that effective treatment of this effluent may elude the various Operating companies. With a case study of field F in the Niger Delta, this paper technically reviewed the environmental issues of the pollution effect of Produced Water, inductively analyzed the Depletion Rate of the case study and recommended technological solution to this problem. Illustratively, a schematic flow diagram relating the technological solution was made, delineating the various option of Produced water Disposal Systems that are within expectable standards, conforming to flora and fauna safety. Introduction The production of crude oil has over the year act as a major revenue generator for the country, with over 100 billion barrels as estimate reserves since the late 50's with a daily production rate approaching 2 million barrels. Petroleum Analyst has estimated another 10 years for the life span of our reserves if additional provable reserves are not added to the current data. Although much attention is now being channeled towards the harnessing of Natural Gas as a new revenue source, the production of crude oil still remains the major of the two. Exploration and exploitation (of crude oil) processes are highly capital intensive and involves the use of well-developed technology and manpower. Coporating all factors of production, the Petroleum industry over the years have unveiled as a high profit-yielding venture. Nevertheless, there exist certain problems, which may hamper the progress of these operations at certain times. These problems with their complexity come with dynamic and specific causes at different stages of petroleum production and therefore require specific technological solutions to be tackle. However longtime planning has proven very helpful in proffering solution for envisaged problems that may occur in the course of petroleum production and such is one that this Paper deals with. The problematic effect of produced water as a potential pollutant to our immediate environment. With aims at proper environmental risk assessment and management, developing the most effective produced water treatment and disposal program will greatly reduce the environmental issues that will be raised as the depletion era gradually slips in. This involves cost and performance efficiency evaluation of different disposal options and proffering the best as an approach towards solving potential long-term problems of effluent discharge.

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Integrated Environmental Risk Management of Future Produced Water Disposal Options at Draugen on the Norwegian Continental Shelf

Cited by 2 publications

References 1 publication

Thermodynamic analysis of an upstream petroleum plant operated on a mature field

Thermodynamic analysis of an upstream petroleum plant operated on a mature field

Produced Water: Environmental Issues/ Technological Solution of the Nigeria Depletion Era

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