Intake, behavior and performance in sheep fed diets containing castor cake

Abstract

RESUMO -A torta de mamona tem potencial para utilização na alimentação de ovinos em regiões semiáridas, mas apresenta como limitação a ricina, que pode causar intoxicação. Objetivou-se avaliar influência de dietas contendo torta de mamona em comportamento ingestivo, consumo e desempenho em ovinos. Foram distribuídos 20 ovinos Morada Nova em blocos ao acaso (dois blocos) com cinco tratamentos (torta de mamona não tratada, tratada com calcário calcítico, com ureia, com fosfato monobicálcico e autoclavada) e quatro repetições. O consumo dos nutrientes não foi influenciado pelos tratamentos de destoxificação, além dos animais não terem apresentado sintomas de intoxicação. Quanto ao comportamento ingestivo, não houve diferença para a maioria das variáveis entre tratamentos, bem como não se confirmou possível rejeição dos ovinos pela torta não tratada. Foi observado que os animais alimentados com dieta contendo torta de mamona autoclavada apresentaram desempenho superior aos que receberam torta não tratada. Apesar dos animais alimentados com torta de mamona tratada com fosfato monobicálcico não terem sido superiores aos alimentados com torta não tratada, apresentaram ganho médio diário 27,3% maior, consumiram menos 10,5% de alimento para ganhar 1 kg e, para ganharem 12 kg, precisaram de 24 dias a menos. A terminação de ovinos utilizando dietas contendo torta de mamona autoclavada apresenta resposta superior à terminação desses animais alimentados com dietas contendo torta de mamona não tratada ou destoxificada com ureia. Além disso, animais terminados com dietas contendo torta destoxificada com fosfato monobicálcico ou calcário calcítico apresentam resposta intermediária. Palavras-chave: Ricinus communis L.. Destoxificação. Ganho médio diário.ABSTRACT -Castor cake shows potential for use in sheep feed in semi-arid regions, but as a limitation, contains ricin, which can cause poisoning. The aim of his study was to evaluate the influence of diets containing castor cake on feeding behaviour, intake and performance in sheep. Twenty Morada Nova sheep were distributed into two randomised blocks with five treatments (untreated castor cake, castor cake treated with limestone, with urea, with monodicalcium phosphate and autoclaved) and four replications. Nutrient intake was not influenced by the detoxification treatments, with the animals displaying no symptoms of poisoning. There was no difference in feeding behaviour between treatments for most of the variables, and the possible rejection of the untreated cake by the sheep was not confirmed. It was found that animals fed diets containing autoclaved castor cake performed better than those which received untreated cake. Although the animals fed castor cake treated with monodicalcium phosphate were not superior to those fed untreated cake, they had a 27.3% greater average daily gain, consumed 10.5% less feed to gain 1 kg, and took 24 days less to gain 12 kg. The finishing of sheep fed diets containing autoclaved castor cake shows a superior response to the finishing of these an...

Performance, ingestive behavior and carcass traits of lambs fed rations containing soybean cake

“…Soybean cake (g kg -1 DM) I SEM P-value II 0 50 100 150 SC III Lin Quad 0 x SC Feeding IV 200 238 286 280 268 The mean value for the time spent feeding (251 min day -1 ) was lower than those found by Syperreck et al (2016) and Gomes et al (2017) for feedlot lambs fed rations containing oilseed cakes, which reported mean values of 299 and 331 min day -1 , respectively. This may be associated with the higher NDF content of the rations evaluated in those studies (661.5 and 543.0 g kg DM -1 , respectively) compared to the rations used in the present study (ranging from 375.4 to 522.7 g kg DM -1 ; Table 2).…”

“…The time spent on water intake was not affected (p > 0.05) by the addition of soybean cake to the ration (Table 4), and showed a mean value of 20 min day -1 . Gomes et al (2017) also did not find an effect of rations containing castor cake, submitted to different detoxification methods, on the water intake of feedlot lambs (mean of 12 min day -1 ). With the linear increase in the time spent feeding, the idle time decreased linearly (p = 0.0846) from 602 to 553 min day -1 for the rations without and with 150 g kg DM -1 of soybean cake.…”

“…The former authors verified that ADG decreased linearly (from 197 to 130 g day -1 ), which was related to the high oil and ricinoleic acid contents of this ingredient. In the study by Gomes et al (2017), higher ADG was obtained for the ration containing autoclaved castor cake (156 g day -1 ) compared to rations containing non-treated (117 g day -1 ) or urea-treated castor cake (115 g day -1 ), which is explained by the elimination of ricin during the autoclaving process and, therefore, the better efficiency of utilization of the diet consumed by the lambs. Lima et al (2018) also verified that lambs' ADG decreased linearly (from 220 to 120 g day -1 ) with sunflower cake levels, which was a consequence of the high EEI and low DM digestibility determined by this ingredient.…”

“…The difference between the lowest ADG value and that obtained for the ration without soybean cake was 64.1 g day -1 , which corresponds to a 22.5% reduction of this trait. Pompeu et al (2012) and Gomes, Cândido, Carneiro, Furtado, and Pereira (2017) reported a reduction in the ADG of lambs fed rations containing castor cake (Ricinus communis). The former authors verified that ADG decreased linearly (from 197 to 130 g day -1 ), which was related to the high oil and ricinoleic acid contents of this ingredient.…”

Feeding behavior and physiological parameters of rearing goats fed diets containing detoxified castor cake

“…However, the DM intake should meet their nutritional requirements. Gomes et al (2017) evaluated the behavior in sheep fed diets containing castor oil cake (crude or detoxified using different alkaline products) and found that only diets with detoxified urea cake reduced the idle time of the animals. Palmieri et al (2017) evaluated the effect of including detoxified castor bean meal in diets of growing goats and found no changes in feeding, rumination, or idle times; however, they found a reduction in DM intake and in RE of DM.…”