Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome

Banerji, Mary Ann; Lam, Milay Luis; Chaiken, Rochelle L

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-20797-1_34-2

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 183 publications

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“…In contrast to these findings, the Strong Heart Study and Framingham Offspring Study have shown a negative association between CVD and insulin resistance [ 41 , 42 ]. Bunerji et al (2017) proposed a profound understanding of molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance using the biology of energy hemostasis and the precise identification of individuals at risk of CVD for proper drug-targeting [ 43 ]. Here, we propose that new revolutionary sciences of proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, pharmacogenomics and bionanotechnology are promising for enforcing a way forward towards achieving breakthrough scientific discoveries and innovative drugs for insulin resistance and to prevent CVD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Obese Egyptian Type 2 Diabetics

Barakat

Shora²,

El‐Deen

et al. 2017

Medical Sciences

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Inflammatory biomarkers provide a minimally invasive means for early detection and specific treatment of metabolic syndrome and related disorders. The objective of this work was to search for inflammatory biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk in obese type 2 diabetics. The study was performed on 165 persons attending the medical outpatient clinic of Ismailia General Hospital. Their mean age was (50.69 ± 10.15) years. They were divided into three groups. The control group was composed of 55 non-obese, non-diabetic healthy volunteers, 32 males and 23 females. Two study groups were included in this study: group 2 was composed of 55 obese, non-diabetic subjects, 25 males and 30 females matched for age and gender. All patients including the control were subjected to clinical history taking, a clinical examination for the measurement of body mass index (BMI). Investigations were carried out for fasting blood glucose, fasting serum insulin, insulin resistance (IR), the lipid profile, lipoprotein band lipoprotein phospholipase A2, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C). Urea, albumin and creatinine analysis and liver function tests were performed, and a complete blood count (CBC) was taken. Hemoglobin A1C (HbA1C), serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were tested. There were statistically significant differences among the studied groups in terms of total cholesterol, non-HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 and apolipoprotein B. The inflammatory biomarkers hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α were significantly statistically increased in the study groups by (1.62 ± 0.99, 2.32 ± 1.11), (1.73 ± 1.14, 2.53 ± 1.34), and (1.87 ± 1.09, 2.17 ± 0.89) respectively, where p < 0.01. Significant positive correlation was found between Homeostatic Model Assessment (HOMA)-IR, hs-CRP and IL-6. There was a significant positive correlation between non-HDL and hs-CRP, IL-6 and TNF-α and triglycerides and hs-CRP. In conclusion, in this study, CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly elevated in obese Egyptian type 2 diabetics and were positively correlated with insulin resistance, non-HDL and triglycerides. These inflammatory biomarkers could help in the premature identification of obese type 2 diabetic patients at high cardiometabolic risk. Additionally, these biomarkers are critical for providing prognostics and the validity of future potential anti-inflammatory therapeutic modalities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inflammatory Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Obese Egyptian Type 2 Diabetics

Barakat

Shora²,

El‐Deen

et al. 2017

Medical Sciences

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“…Pro-inflammatory cytokines are associated with insulin insensitivity (Asghar & Sheikh, 2017). Insulin resistance plays a role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Tangvarasittichai, 2015), metabolic syndrome (Banerji, Lam & Chaiken, 2017) and cardiovascular disease (Ormazabal et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adiponectin, anthropometric measurements and insulin resistance in adolescence with obesity

Widjaja¹,

Prihaningtyas²,

Hanindita³

et al. 2020

Mal J Nutr

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Introduction: Obesity in adolescents can cause metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance increases the risk of metabolic syndrome, which then increases the risk of premature death. Studies about anthropometric measurements and adiponectin levels as early markers of insulin resistance in obese adolescents are still limited. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 59 obese adolescents aged 13-16 years. Obesity was established on the basis of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) curve (2000). Insulin and blood glucose level measurements were carried out using an enzymatic kit. Adiponectin levels were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The relationships between variables were evaluated by correlation analysis using SPSS. Results: Statistical tests showed a positive correlation between waist circumference (r=0.421; p=0.001) and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (r=0.396; p=0.002). Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) had a weak positive correlation with insulin (r=0.343; p=0.008 and r=0.311; p=0.017) and HOMA-IR (r=0.306; p=0.018). There was a weak negative correlation between adiponectin and insulin in obese adolescents (r=-0.278; p=0.033). Conclusion: Anthropometric measurements (waist circumference, WHR and WHtR) and adiponectin can be used for early detection of insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia in obese adolescents.

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Insulin Resistance and the Metabolic Syndrome

Cited by 2 publications

References 183 publications

Inflammatory Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Obese Egyptian Type 2 Diabetics

Inflammatory Biomarkers of Cardiometabolic Risk in Obese Egyptian Type 2 Diabetics

Adiponectin, anthropometric measurements and insulin resistance in adolescence with obesity

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