2013
DOI: 10.1364/oe.21.016007
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Instantaneous three-dimensional sensing using spatial light modulator illumination with extended depth of field imaging

Abstract: Imaging three-dimensional structures represents a major challenge for conventional microscopies. Here we describe a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) microscope that can simultaneously address and image multiple targets in three dimensions. A wavefront coding element and computational image processing enables extended depth-of-field imaging. High-resolution, multi-site three-dimensional targeting and sensing is demonstrated in both transparent and scattering media over a depth range of 300-1,000 microns.

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Cited by 93 publications
(84 citation statements)
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References 30 publications
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“…Recent camera-based approaches can also resolve the 3D structure of a sample by using special light shaping: microlens array [23] or phase mask [24] in front of the camera combined with extended depth of field [25] or holographic [24] illumination. Depth information is obtained from the camera images by computationally reversed transformation, which causes two major limitations.…”
Section: From Wide-field Microscopy To Singlepoint Two-photon Excitamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Recent camera-based approaches can also resolve the 3D structure of a sample by using special light shaping: microlens array [23] or phase mask [24] in front of the camera combined with extended depth of field [25] or holographic [24] illumination. Depth information is obtained from the camera images by computationally reversed transformation, which causes two major limitations.…”
Section: From Wide-field Microscopy To Singlepoint Two-photon Excitamentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The bead position is used to continually update the focal power of a Fresnel lens on the SLM, so that the bead is always in focus. This extends the range of the procedure beyond the depth of field of standard microscopes [7], yet does not require computational deconvolution [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In particular, SLMs are increasingly used with infrared femtosecond pulsed lasers to implement patterned two-photon excitation for either multisite neuronal imaging [3][4][5] or multisite photoactivation [6][7][8], to either record or manipulate neural activity, using calcium indicators or light sensitive opsins, respectively. These two-photon approaches afford deeper tissue penetration, crucial for in vivo applications, but are often laser power limited since the signal at each simultaneous site decreases quadratically instead of linearly with the total number of sites.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%