Insights about circadian clock in glioma: From molecular pathways to therapeutic drugs

Abstract

Glioma is characterized as the most aggressive brain tumor that occurred in the central nervous system. The circadian rhythm is an essential cyclic change system generated by the endogenous circadian clock. Current studies found that the circadian clock affects glioma pathophysiology. It is still controversial whether the circadian rhythm disruption is a cause or an effect of tumorigenesis. This review discussed the association between cell cycle and circadian clock and provided a prominent molecular theoretical basis for tumor therapy. We illustrated the external factors affecting the circadian clock including thermodynamics, hypoxia, post‐translation, and microRNA, while the internal characteristics concerning the circadian clock in glioma involve stemness, metabolism, radiotherapy sensitivity, and chemotherapy sensitivity. We also summarized the molecular pathways and the therapeutic drugs involved in the glioma circadian rhythm. There are still many questions in this field waiting for further investigation. The results of glioma chronotherapy in sensitizing radiation therapy and chemotherapy have shown great therapeutic potential in improving clinical outcomes. These findings will help us further understand the characteristics of glioma pathophysiology.

Gut microbiota in brain tumors: An emerging crucial player

“…58 Besides, accumulating evidence reveals that the circadian rhythm has an impact on glioma pathophysiology, and the internal characteristics concerning the circadian clock in glioma involve stemness, metabolism, radiotherapy sensitivity, and chemotherapy sensitivity. 59 Meanwhile, alterations of microbiome-derived metabolites such as ergothioneine were observed to be associated with circadian function. 60 Yet, it remains to be addressed whether the gut microbiota may affect tumorigenesis through disruption of circadian rhythm.…”

Overview on Common Genes Involved in the Onset of Glioma and on the Role of Migraine as Risk Factor: Predictive Biomarkers or Therapeutic Targets?

“…The discovery of molecular mechanisms regarding radio/chemo resistance and biomarker detection could improve the strategy for novel therapeutics [15][16][17].…”

“…Accumulating evidence reveals that the circadian rhythm has an impact on glioma treatment; particularly, a recent study highlighted that GBM cells exhibited a significant temporal response to bortezomib, used as a proteosome inhibitor in recurrences stages of GBM treatment [67,68]. Moreover, Wagner et al [17] demonstrated the higher efficacy of low-dose Bortezomib treatment when administered in tumor-bearing animals at night compared to day/night administration, although the effect of chronotherapy treatment in glioma is still controversial and needs further large-population-based trials for validation.…”