Insight into the dynamics of second grade hybrid radiative nanofluid flow within the boundary layer subject to Lorentz force

Abstract

The magnetohydrodynamic hybrid second-grade nanofluid flow towards a stretching/shrinking sheet with thermal radiation is inspected in current work. Main concern of current investigation is to consider hybrid $$Al_{2} O_{3} - Cu$$ A l 2 O 3 - C u nanofluid which is perceived by hanging two dissimilar kinds of nanoparticles known as alumina and copper within the base fluid. The fluid motion is produced by non-linear stretching/shrinking sheet. The modeled equations which comprise of energy, motion and continuity equations are changed into dimensionless form using group of similar variables. To determine the solution of transformed problem, the Homotopy Analysis technique is used. The findings of this work revealed that the magnetic parameter improves the heat transfer rate. This work also ensures that there are non-unique solutions of modeled problem for shrinking case and a unique solution for stretching case. Higher values of $${\text{Re}}_{x}$$ Re x results in declining of flow field. Rise in $$M$$ M agrees to a decline in velocity distributions. Higher values of second order fluid parameter reduces the viscosity of fluid and accordingly velocity increases. Velocity profile is also a decreasing function of volume friction.

Computational Analysis of Nanoparticle Shapes on Hybrid Nanofluid Flow Due to Flat Horizontal Plate via Solar Collector

“…The flow problem which involves the set of governing equations, such as velocity and temperature, is expressed as [28,29]:…”

Stagnation point flow of a second-grade hybrid nanofluid induced by a Riga plate

“…The respective boundary layer and energy equations following usual boundary layer approximations are (Hayat et al , 2016; Khashi’ie et al , 2021a; Jawad et al , 2021): …”

“…Upon the substitution, the reduced ODEs and boundary condition are (Hayat et al , 2016; Khashi’ie et al , 2021a; Jawad et al , 2021) where Z is the modified Hartmann number or also acknowledged as EMHD parameter, A is a dimensionless constant related to the width of the electrodes and magnets, K is the Deborah number and also called as second-grade parameter, Pr is the Prandtl number, λ is the velocity ratio parameter and S is the mass transpiration parameter. These parameters are defined as: …”

Finite Element Analysis of Air Flow and Temperature Distribution on Surface of a Circular Obstacle with Resistance and Orientation of Screen

“…In equations ( 3)-( 5), κ is the resistance coefficient ranging in the current simulation from 1 to 3 and η is the refraction coefficient and fixed for the current simulation with 0.78. "+" and "-" subscriptions show the direction of the flow before screen (upstream) and after screen (downstream) in equations ( 3) to (5). e heat equation is widely used to predict the temperature distribution in the region of interest.…”

“…All studies were focusing on maximizing the temperature distribution over the surface by changing of used parameters in the problems [2,3]. e heated circular obstacles are widely used in the application of generation powers, thermal equipment, cables, nuclear apparatus, and heat distributors [4][5][6]. Many researchers and scientists put on the lights on the study of fluid flow and heat transfer in the presence of circular obstacles, few of them described as follows.…”