Inorganic polymeric phosphate/polyphosphate as an inducer of alkaline phosphatase and a modulator of intracellular Ca2+ level in osteoblasts (SaOS-2 cells) in vitro

Müller, Wernér E.G.; Wang, Xiaohong; Diehl‐Seifert, Bärbel; Kropf, Klaus; Schloßmacher, Ute; Lieberwirth, Ingo; Glaßer, Gunnar; Wiens, Matthias; Schröder, Heinz C.

doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2011.03.007

Cited by 134 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…[10,11] In Figure 8 A, the central 2-mm-thick part of the growing biosilica rod is characterized by densely packed grana, representing biosilica floes. [32] During completion of the silica spicules, a dense biosilica deposition occurs that also results in a substantial (50 %) shrinkage of the diameter of the rod down to 5 mm (Figure 8 B). [10] This empirically determined shrinkage of the spicule during growth can also be corroborated by theoretic calculations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Sponge Biosilica Formation Involves Syneresis Following Polycondensation in vivo

Wang¹,

Schröder²,

Brandt³

et al. 2011

ChemBioChem

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Syneresis is a process observed during the maturation/aging of silica gels obtained by sol-gel synthesis that results in shrinkage and expulsion of water due to a rearrangement and increase in the number of bridging siloxane bonds. Here we describe how the process of biosilica deposition during spicule ("biosilica" skeleton of the siliceous sponges) formation involves a phase of syneresis that occurs after the enzyme-mediated polycondensation reaction. Primmorphs from the demosponge Suberites domuncula were used to study syneresis and the inhibition of this mechanism. We showed by scanning electron microscopy that spicules added to primmorphs that have been incubated with manganese sulfate fuse together through the deposition of silica spheres and bridges. Energy-dispersive X-ray mapping of the newly formed deposits showed high silicon and oxygen content. These biosilica deposits contain a comparably higher percentage of water than mature/aged spicules. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that the addition of silicate to primmorph cultures resulted in a marked upregulation of the expression of the aquaporin gene and of the genes encoding the silica anabolic enzyme silicatein-α and the silica catabolic enzyme silicase. On the other hand, addition of manganese sulfate, either alone or together with silicate, caused a strong reduction in the level of aquaporin transcripts, although this metal ion did not essentially affect the silicate-induced increase in silicatein-α and silicase gene expression. We conclude that the secondary silica deposits formed on spicules under physiological conditions in the presence of silicate fuse together and subsequently undergo syneresis, which is facilitated by the removal of water through aquaporin channels. In growing spicules, these processes of biosilica formation and syneresis in the lamellar monolithic structures precede the final step of "biosintering" during which the massive biosilica rods of the spicules are formed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…[32] The beam-deceleration mode was used to improve the scanning. [39] The SEM was coupled to an XFlash 5010 detector, an X-ray detector that allows simultaneous energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX)-based elemental analyses.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge Biosilica Formation Involves Syneresis Following Polycondensation in vivo

Wang¹,

Schröder²,

Brandt³

et al. 2011

ChemBioChem

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“…6 PolyP (Ca 2+ complex) in a stoichiometric ratio has been shown to promote hydroxyapatite (HAp) mineralization to a considerably higher extent than β-GP and could also inhibit osteoclasts. 7,8 Iron plays an important role in maintaining bone physiology by serving as a cofactor for collagen synthesis and by improving bone mineral density (BMD).…”

Section: -4mentioning

confidence: 99%

Proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on scaffolds containing chitosan, calcium polyphosphate and pigeonite for bone tissue engineering

et al. 2017

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Objectives: Treatment of critical-sized bone defects with cells and biomaterials offers an efficient alternative to traditional bone grafts. Chitosan (CS) is a natural biopolymer that acts as a scaffold in bone tissue engineering (BTE). Polyphosphate (PolyP), recently identified as an inorganic polymer, acts as a potential bone morphogenetic material, whereas pigeonite (Pg) is a novel iron-containing ceramic. In this study, we prepared and characterized scaffolds containing CS, calcium polyphosphate (CaPP) and Pg particles for bone formation in vitro and in vivo.

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“…The cells were maintained in 75 cm 2 ascorbic acid and 10 nM dexamethasone to induce biomineralization [36]. The third component usually used in the MAC, β-glycerophosphate, was omitted since polyP has been shown to be sufficient as a phosphate supply [37].…”

Section: Human Mesenchymal Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Biomimetic Approach to Repair Enamel Cracks/Carious Damages and to Reseal Dentinal Tubules by Amorphous Polyphosphate

Müller

Ackermann

Neufurth

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract:Here we report the preparation and characterization of a novel biomimetic toothpaste containing morphogenetically active amorphous polyphosphate (polyP) microparticles enriched with retinyl acetate ("a-polyP/RA-MP"). The spherical microparticles (average size, 550±120 nm), prepared by co-precipitating sodium-polyP with calcium chloride and supplemented with retinyl acetate, were incorporated into a basis toothpaste at a final concentration of 1% or 10%. The paste containing "a-polyP/RA-MP" significantly increased the growth of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), compared to a commercial toothpaste which acts rather inhibitory and the paste without polyP and retinyl acetate. qRT-PCR experiments revealed that the retinoid causes an induction of the expression of the MSC marker genes for osteoblast differentiation encoding collagen type I and alkaline phosphatase. On the other hand, the polyP ingredient, supplied as Zn-polyP microparticles ("Zn-a-polyP-MP") strongly inhibited the growth of the cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans.We demonstrate that the amorphous polyP-containing toothpaste, enriched with retinyl acetate, efficiently repairs both cracks/fissures and carious lesions in the tooth enamel, and reseals dentinal tubules, already after a 5 d treatment (brushing) of teeth twice daily for 5 min as examined by SEM and quantitative EDX analysis. The stability of the occlusion of dentin cracks even turned out to resist against short high power sonication treatment. Our results demonstrate that the novel toothpaste prepared here, containing amorphous polyP and retinyl acetate, is particularly suitable for prevention/repair of (cariogenic) damages of tooth enamel/dentin and for treatment of dental hypersensitivity.

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Inorganic polymeric phosphate/polyphosphate as an inducer of alkaline phosphatase and a modulator of intracellular Ca2+ level in osteoblasts (SaOS-2 cells) in vitro

Cited by 134 publications

References 83 publications

Sponge Biosilica Formation Involves Syneresis Following Polycondensation in vivo

Sponge Biosilica Formation Involves Syneresis Following Polycondensation in vivo

Proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on scaffolds containing chitosan, calcium polyphosphate and pigeonite for bone tissue engineering

A Novel Biomimetic Approach to Repair Enamel Cracks/Carious Damages and to Reseal Dentinal Tubules by Amorphous Polyphosphate

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