Innate type 1 immune response, but not IL-17 cells control tuberculosis infection

Segueni, Noria; Jacobs, Muazzam; Ryffel, Bernhard

doi:10.1016/j.bj.2020.06.011

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The data on the role of Th17 cells in TB remains controversial with some groups reporting a higher frequency correlating with TB protection in latent patients (36) while others reported lower expression in latent patients and increased frequencies in active or multi-drug resistant patients (37)(38)(39). Some are of the verdict that Th17 cells are minimally expressed in TB and do not have a significant role to play in the protection and/or pathology of TB in humans (40,41). In our study, we observed a significant increase in the IL-17 expressing Mtb-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in the high dose infection compared to the low dose at weeks post-infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Early T Cell Responses in Nonhuman Primate Model of Tuberculosis

et al. 2021

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Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), remains a leading infectious disease killer worldwide with 1.4 million TB deaths in 2019. While the majority of infected population maintain an active control of the bacteria, a subset develops active disease leading to mortality. Effective T cell responses are critical to TB immunity with CD4+ and CD8+ T cells being key players of defense. These early cellular responses to TB infection have not yet been studied in-depth in either humans or preclinical animal models. Characterizing early T cell responses in a physiologically relevant preclinical model can provide valuable understanding of the factors that control disease development. We studied Mtb-specific T cell responses in the lung compartment of rhesus macaques infected with either a low- or a high-dose of Mtb CDC1551 via aerosol. Relative to baseline, significantly higher Mtb-specific CD4+IFN-γ+ and TNF-α+ T cell responses were observed in the BAL of low dose infected macaques as early as week 1 post TB infection. The IFN-γ and TNF-a response was delayed to week 3 post infection in Mtb-specific CD4+ and CD8+T cells in the high dose group. The manifestation of earlier T cell responses in the group exposed to the lower Mtb dose suggested a critical role of these cytokines in the antimycobacterial immune cascade, and specifically in the granuloma formation to contain the bacteria. However, a similar increase was not reflected in the CD4+ and CD8+IL-17+ T cells at week 1 post infection in the low dose group. This could be attributed to either a suppression of the IL-17 response or a lack of induction at this early stage of infection. On the contrary, there was a significantly higher IL-17+ response in Mtb-specific CD4+ and CD8+T cells at week 3 in the high dose group. The results clearly demonstrate an early differentiation in the immunity following low dose and high dose infection, largely represented by differences in the IFN-γ and TNF-α response by Mtb-specific T cells in the BAL. This early response to antigen expression by the bacteria could be critical for both bacterial growth control and bacterial containment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing Early T Cell Responses in Nonhuman Primate Model of Tuberculosis

et al. 2021

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“…Due to the pathogenesis of M. tb invading mucosal epithelial cells, ILC-3s play a role in the immune defense to fight off such infection and have been shown to mediate their protective role during the early phases of infection [ 58 ]. Upon host infection with M. tb , circulating levels of ILC3 in the bloodstream seem to decrease while the levels in the lungs increase [ 58 ]. By way of flow cytometry, Pan et al calculated differences in ILC response in healthy human subjects compared with individuals infected by M. tb .…”

Section: Group 3 Helper Ilcs Against M Tbmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunologic Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells against Mycobacterial tuberculosis Infection

et al. 2022

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Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tb), is one of the leading causes of mortality due to respiratory tract infections worldwide. Infection by M. tb involves activation of a type I immune response characteristic of T helper type 1 (Th1) lymphocytes, natural killer (NK) cells, Interleukin-12 (IL-12), and interferon (IFN)-γ, all of which stimulate the activation of macrophages and robust phagocytosis in order to prevent further infectious manifestations and systemic dissemination. Recent discoveries about innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) have provided further insight about how these cells participate within the protective immune response against M. tb infection and help boost the type I immune response. In order to clearly understand the mechanisms of M. tb infection and advance the efficacy of future treatment and prevention, we must first look at the individual functions each type of immune cell plays within this process, specifically ILCs. By review of the recent literature and current evidence, our group aims to summarize the characterization of the three major groups of ILCs, including NK cells, and analyze the role that each group of ILCs play in the infectious process against M. tb in order to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the host immune response. Equally, previous studies have also highlighted the effects of how administration of the Bacille Calmette–Guérin (BCG) vaccine influences the cells and cytokines of the immune response against M. tb. Our group also aims to highlight the effects that BCG vaccine has on ILCs and how these effects provide added protection against M. tb.

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“…Dear Editor, With the increasing popularity of dermatologic surgery, hyaluronic acid (HA) dermal fillers have become the dominant material for use in recent cosmetic procedures. 1,2 HA is a glycosaminoglycan, one of the body's own substances in the form of a linear polysaccharide consisting of glucuronic acid and N-acetyl-glucosamine found in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue, hyaline cartilage. 1,2 It draws water into the skin, giving it volume while binding collagen and elastin fibres into a supportive matrix.…”

Section: Delayed Hypersensitivity Of Hyaluronidase: a Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 99%