Inkjet-Printed Graphene Electronics

Torrisi, Felice; Hasan, Tawfique; Wu, Wenbing; Sun, Zhipei; Lombardo, Antonio; Kulmala, Tero S.; Hsieh, Gen-Wen; Jung, Sungjune; Bonaccorso, Francesco; Paul, Philip J.; Chu, Daping; Ferrari, Andrea C.

doi:10.1021/nn2044609

Cited by 1,061 publications

(1,081 citation statements)

References 157 publications

(549 reference statements)

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“…[11][12][13] Even though the field of printable conductors is still mainly focused on metalbased (Ag, Cu, %50 mΩ & À1 at 25 mm thickness) [13,14] inks and PEDOT:PSS dispersions (%50 Ω & À1 ), [15] graphene-based conductive inks are gaining attention both from science [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] and technology. [25] Unfortunately, the conductive properties of graphene inks and printed structures thereof are still far from being a replacement for silver and copper inks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of a binder with a glass transition point above room temperature may lower the particle mobility even under high force applied, obstruct sheet-to-sheet interactions, and thereby render the application of compression rolling inefficient. Nevertheless, taking into account the two main aspects of performance an ink should provide, i.e., good printability with high printing definition and sufficiently low sheet resistance, e.g., less than 5 Ω & À1 , it becomes clear from previous works [16,[18][19][20]22,25,26,[28][29][30] that the use of a binder, surfactant, or rheology modifier is necessary. These rheological modifications should be compatible with the commonly used R2R-friendly flexible substrates and comply with already existing high-speed technologies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Conductivity Enhancement of Binder‐Based Graphene Inks by Photonic Annealing and Subsequent Compression Rolling

et al. 2016

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This paper describes a combination of photonic annealing and compression rolling to improve the conductive properties of printed binder‐based graphene inks. High‐density light pulses result in temperatures up to 500 °C that along with a decrease of resistivity lead to layer expansion. The structural integrity of the printed layers is restored using compression rolling resulting in smooth, dense, and highly conductive graphene films. The layers exhibit a sheet resistance of less than 1.4 Ω □−1 normalized to 25 µm thickness. The proposed approach can potentially be used in a roll‐to‐roll manner with common substrates, such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), and paper, paving thereby the road toward high‐volume graphene‐printed electronics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conductivity Enhancement of Binder‐Based Graphene Inks by Photonic Annealing and Subsequent Compression Rolling

et al. 2016

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“…In particular, a number of applications will require access to large volumes of graphene dispersions or inks. Using standard solution deposition techniques such as inkjet printing 5,6 or spray coating, 7,8 such inks can be used to prepare a range of lms, coatings or patterned structures. In particular, applications in areas such as printed electronics will require the production of conductive lms or traces.…”

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confidence: 99%

Turbulence-assisted shear exfoliation of graphene using household detergent and a kitchen blender

et al. 2014

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To facilitate progression from the lab to commercial applications, it will be necessary to develop simple, scalable methods to produce high quality graphene. Here we demonstrate the production of large quantities of defect-free graphene using a kitchen blender and household detergent. We have characterised the scaling of both graphene concentration and production rate with the mixing parameters: mixing time, initial graphite concentration, rotor speed and liquid volume. We find the production rate to be invariant with mixing time and to increase strongly with mixing volume, results which are important for scale-up. Even in this simple system, concentrations of up to 1 mg ml À1 and graphene masses of >500 mg can be achieved after a few hours mixing. The maximum production rate was $0.15 g h À1 , much higher than for standard sonication-based exfoliation methods. We demonstrate that graphene production occurs because the mean turbulent shear rate in the blender exceeds the critical shear rate for exfoliation.Over the last decade, graphene has become one of the most studied of all nano-materials due to its 2-dimensional structure and its unique set of physical properties. 1,2 During this period, the focus of much of the research community has been on mapping out and understanding the fundamental physics and chemistry of graphene. However, in recent years, the emphasis has started to shi slightly towards the demonstration of applications. 3 Over the next few years, we expect the emphasis to shi further as both academic and industrial researchers concentrate on fullling the applications potential of graphene, eventually leading to a range of graphene-enabled products.However, before this can be achieved, it will be critically important to develop industrially scalable production methods for graphene. While graphene can be produced by a range of techniques, many applications will require solution-processed 4 graphene. In particular, a number of applications will require access to large volumes of graphene dispersions or inks. Using standard solution deposition techniques such as inkjet printing 5,6 or spray coating, 7,8 such inks can be used to prepare a range of lms, coatings or patterned structures. In particular, applications in areas such as printed electronics will require the production of conductive lms or traces. Here, defect free graphene performs particularly well, giving high conductivity structures without high temperature post treatments. 5 Thus, it is clear that large scale production techniques for defect-free graphene are urgently required.Defect free graphene is generally produced by sonicating graphite powder either in certain solvents 9-16 or aqueous surfactant 17-23 solutions. The sonication tends to break up the graphite crystallites as well as exfoliating them to give large number of graphene nanosheets. 11 Raman spectroscopy 15,24,25 shows this method to produce negligible quantities of basal plane defects while XPS shows the akes to be un-oxidised. 14 While the graphene produced by this m...

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“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7] However, the printed electronics market is currently dominated by conductive metal nanoparticle based inks. The fabrication of high quality and low cost electronics requires innovative ink formulations that are cheaper and faster than traditional production methods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robust Design of a Particle-Free Silver-Organo-Complex Ink with High Conductivity and Inkjet Stability for Flexible Electronics

Vaseem

McKerricher

Shamim

2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

101

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Currently, silver nanoparticle based inkjet ink is commercially available. This type of ink has several serious problems such as a complex synthesis protocol, high cost, high sintering temperatures (~200 0 C), particle aggregation, nozzle clogging, poor shelf life, and jetting instability. For the emerging field of printed electronics, these short comings in conductive inks are barriers for their wide spread use in practical applications. Formulating particle free silver inks has potential to solve these issues, and requires careful design of the silver complexation.The ink complex must meet various requirements, such as in-situ reduction, optimum viscosity, 2 storage and jetting stability, smooth uniform sintered films, excellent adhesion, and high conductivity. This study presents a robust formulation of silver-organo-complex (SOC) ink, where complexing molecules act as reducing agents. The 17 weight percent silver loaded ink was printed and sintered on a wide range of substrates with uniform surface morphology and excellent adhesion. The jetting stability was monitored for 5 months to confirm that the ink was robust and highly stable with consistent jetting performance. Radio frequency inductors which are highly sensitive to metal quality were demonstrated as a proof of concept on flexible PEN substrate. This is a major step towards producing high quality electronic components with a robust inkjet printing process.

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Inkjet-Printed Graphene Electronics

Cited by 1,061 publications

References 157 publications

Conductivity Enhancement of Binder‐Based Graphene Inks by Photonic Annealing and Subsequent Compression Rolling

Conductivity Enhancement of Binder‐Based Graphene Inks by Photonic Annealing and Subsequent Compression Rolling

Turbulence-assisted shear exfoliation of graphene using household detergent and a kitchen blender

Robust Design of a Particle-Free Silver-Organo-Complex Ink with High Conductivity and Inkjet Stability for Flexible Electronics

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