Injuries prevalence in elite male artistic gymnasts

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the injuries prevalence in men elite artistic gymnasts. Twenty Brazilian senior gymnasts, aged 23.1 ± 6.5 years, 13.9 ± 5.0 years of practice and 36.5 ± 4.7 hours per week training, participated in this study. The athletes answered a morbidity questionnaire, formulated according to studies from the literature, for information on the injuries’ characteristics and circumstances. Information about the injury circumstances (gymnastic apparatus, overload training and physical exercises), the anatomic site injured, the affect biological tissue and the return to training after injury treatment were evaluated. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, absolute and relative frequencies. The training overload, and floor, pommel horse and vault were the events that presented higher injuries frequency. In relation to anatomic site, ankle, hands/fingers and shoulder were the most cited regions. The ligament, bone and articular capsule were the most affected biological tissues. In relation to gymnasts’ return to their sports activities, 56% of them reported a better condition at return, 33% reported to have returned at the same fitness level and 10% indicated that they were in a worse condition when they returned to the sports activities. The men’s artistic gymnastics injuries are related to the mechanical demands of this sport. The analysis of risk factors helps in understanding the injuries mechanisms in gymnastics, and provides relevant information that can assist in effective prevention strategies.

Which typical floor movements of men’s artistic gymnastics result in the most extreme lumbar lordosis and ground reaction forces?

“…Furthermore, previous studies have shown that 57% of injuries are overuse injuries (Paxinos et al, 2019), showing the risk associated with the frequent repetition of movements placing high stress on the lumbar spine. Previous studies have also shown that the floor is the apparatus with the highest injury prevalence in male artistic gymnastics (MAG) (Goulart et al, 2016;Kruse & Lemmen, 2009), involving both lower and upper extremity impacts as well as frequent hyperextensions and hyperflexions of the spine.…”