Inhibition of polypeptide synthesis by streptomycin

Flaks, Joel G.; Cox, Edward C.; White, James R.

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(62)90320-0

Cited by 112 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…In the susceptible strain, a very low concentration of streptomycin (2.5 x 10-9 M) was needed for 50% inhibition of in vitro protein synthesis, which is 200 times less than the amount required for 50 % inhibition of E. coli in vitro protein synthesis (6). This suggests that the number of ribosomes present in the reaction mixture may be less than those present in E. coli system.…”

Section: Resutltsmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Protein Synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and the Effect of Streptomycin in Streptomycin-Susceptible and -Resistant Strains

Shaila

Gopinathan

Ramakrishnan

1973

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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An efficient in vitro amino acid-incorporating system from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv was standardized. Ribonucleic acid (RNA) isolated from phage-infected M. smegmatis cells served as natural messenger RNA and directed the incorporation of 14 C-amino acids into protein. The effects of various antitubercular drugs and “known inhibitors” of protein synthesis on amino acid incorporation were studied. Antibiotics like chloramphenicol and tetracycline inhibited mycobacterial protein synthesis, though they failed to prevent the growth of the organism. This failure was shown to be due to the impermeability of mycobacteria to these drugs by use of “membrane-active” agents along with the antibiotics in growth inhibition studies. Several independent streptomycin-resistant mutants of M. tuberculosis H37Rv were isolated. Streptomycin inhibited the incorporation of 14 C-amino acids into proteins by whole cells of a streptomycin-susceptible strain by more than 90%, whereas very little or no inhibition was observed in either high-level or low-level streptomycin-resistant strains. In vitro, streptomycin was an effective inhibitor of susceptible strains, whereas in streptomycin-resistant strains the concentration of streptomycin at which half-maximal inhibition was produced varied according to the resistance of whole cells, and there was a correlation between the two. In one low-level streptomycin-resistant mutant, the in vitro amino acid-incorporating system was as sensitive to various concentrations of streptomycin as the parental type, and a possible involvement of a membrane site in the development of low-level resistance was indicated. Streptomycin susceptibility and high-level resistance were shown to be ribosomal in nature.

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Section: Resutltsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The poly U-directed system was used to test the inhibitory activities of several antitubercular drugs which include mostly first and second (6).…”

Section: Resutltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein Synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and the Effect of Streptomycin in Streptomycin-Susceptible and -Resistant Strains

Shaila

Gopinathan

Ramakrishnan

1973

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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“…D-Threo-chloramphenicol and streptomycin are effective inhibitors of protein synthesis in bacteria, binding to the 30S subunit of the 70S bacterial ribosome (10,17). These inhibitors also prevent protein synthesis on the 70S type ribosomes isolated from either Euglena chloroplasts or mitochondria but they do not affect protein synthesis on the larger cytoplasmic ribosomes (2).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ribulose 1,5-Diphosphate Carboxylase Synthesis in Euglena

Lord¹,

Armitage²,

Merrett³

1975

Plant Physiol.

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Regreening cultures were transferred back into darkness after harvesting the cells by centrifugation and resuspending them in an equivalent volume of Hutner's medium (15).Inhibitors were dissolved in the appropriate culture medium and sterilized by Seitz filtration before being added to cultures at times indicated under "Results."Inhibitors. The D-threo-isomer of chloramphenicol was used exclusively throughout this work (8). The final concentration of inhibitors used was D-threo-chloramphenicol, 1 mg/ml; cyclohemixide, 15 ,g/ml; 5-fluorouracil, 5 mm; rifampicin, 250 ,ug/ml. NaH'4C03 into acid-stable product was determined exactly as described previously (21). RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONEuglena RuDPCase has been recently purified and characterized (22). This enzyme has the high mol wt and distinctive quaternary structure which is typical for this enzyme isolated from higher plants and green algae (11,16,18,20,27). In the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate, the enzyme dissociates into two nonidentical subunits of mol wt 55,000 and 15,000; eight 600 www.plantphysiol.org on May 9, 2018 -Published by Downloaded from

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“…These values could amount to a few molecules/ribosome; 1-2 molecules of streptomycin/ribosome will inhibit polypeptide synthesis in vitro by ribosomal preparations from a sensitive strain of E. coli (Flaks et al 1962). Since the ribosome content of bacteria has been shown to vary with growth rate (Kjeldgaard & Kurland, 1963; Rossett, Monier & Julien, 1964)' the ' effective inhibitory' concentrations of streptomycin/organisms, namely those required to inactivate enough ribosomes to…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We further inferred that this might be only a fraction of the total intracellular dihydrostreptomycin concentration, which might vary within the treated populations. Thus, we postulated that intracellular streptomycin can be in two phases, namely, an inhibitory fraction-presumably bound to the ribosomes, (Flaks, Cox & White, 1962;Spotts & Stanier, 1961; Davies, 1964; Cox, White & Flaks, 1964), and a non-inhibitory ' pool ' fraction whose size would differ between different fractions of the population, and which could be transferred to the inhibitory sites according to the availability of these and to the size of the 334 M. KOGUT, J. W. LIGHTBOWN AND P. ISAACSON 'pool'. This view implied that the concentrations of streptomycin in these two phases must be governed, a t least in part, by independent factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Intracellular Accumulation of 14C-streptomycin by Escherichia Coli strain B in Relation to its Growth-Inhibitory Effect

Kogut¹,

Lightbown²,

Isaacson³

1966

Journal of General Microbiology

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SUMMARYThe intracellular concentrations of 14C-streptomycin accumulated by Escherichia coli strain B during growth in the presence of different extracellular concentrations of the compound have been measured. They increased logarithmically with time at rates proportional to the logarithm of the extracellular concentration ; the growth rates declined linearly with time a t rates which were also proportional to the extracellular concentrations. Thus the same decrease in growth rate resulted from different intracellular concentrations of streptomycin, according to the conditions of uptake. After removal of extracellular streptomycin, the growth rates remained constant for several hours, during which time 40-60s of the total cell-bound radioactivity was lost. Of the radioactivity lost from the organisms during growth after removal of extracellular streptomycin, 50-80 yo was recovered from culture filtrates but did not behave as streptomycin with respect to adsorption to charcoal.

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Inhibition of polypeptide synthesis by streptomycin

Cited by 112 publications

References 7 publications

Protein Synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and the Effect of Streptomycin in Streptomycin-Susceptible and -Resistant Strains

Protein Synthesis in Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv and the Effect of Streptomycin in Streptomycin-Susceptible and -Resistant Strains

Ribulose 1,5-Diphosphate Carboxylase Synthesis in Euglena

The Intracellular Accumulation of 14C-streptomycin by Escherichia Coli strain B in Relation to its Growth-Inhibitory Effect

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