Influencing Factors on Aesthetics: Highly Controlled Study Based on Eye Movement and the Forensic Aspects in Computer-Based Assessment of Visual Appeal in Upper Front Teeth

Bjelopavlovic, Monika; Weyhrauch, Michael; Erbe, Christina; Burkard, Franziska; Petrowski, Katja; Lehmann, Karl Martin

doi:10.3390/app11156797

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, 25 of the 41 included studies had used both the eye-tracking methods and the questionnaire. Supplemental Digital Content 1, Table 1 (http://links.lww.com/SCS/F877) 6–29 summarizes the characteristics of the included studies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data were analyzed using analysis of variance or t- tests in the majority of the studies. The characteristics of the AOIs/ROIs are summarized in Supplemental Digital Content 1, Table 2 (http://links.lww.com/SCS/F877) 6–29 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Positive outcomes were obtained by both experts and laypeople when there were deviations from routine dental practice. Supplemental Digital Content 1, Table 3 (http://links.lww.com/SCS/F877) provides detailed information about these 14 studies 6–29 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pooled findings of our study are presented in the Results section and Supplemental Digital Content 1, Tables (http://links.lww.com/SCS/F877). 6–29 This study adhered to the guidelines outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 30 …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Eye-Tracking Technology in Dento-Maxillofacial Esthetics: A Systematic Review

Zhang,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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The use of eye-tracking technology in dental esthetics has gained popularity over the past decade because of its ability to assess observers’ visual preferences in an objective manner. The goal of this study was to provide a comprehensive review of eye-tracking studies in dentistry, which could provide a reference for the rational and effective application of eye-tracking technology by dentists in the future. A comprehensive search of articles on eye tracking, published from January 1946 to June 2023, was conducted across several databases using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The major criterion for inclusion was that the study evaluated the use of eye-tracking technology in the field of dentistry. Two independent reviewers screened the eligible studies. A total of 67 articles were identified, 41 of which met our inclusion criteria. The most common application of eye tracking was the assessment of perceptions of changes in specific dental conditions among different classes of observers. Overall differences between groups (different classes of observers, different types of conditions) among different areas or regions of interest were analyzed. This systematic review demonstrated the utility of eye-tracking technology as a quantifiable objective assessment and emerging research tool for evaluating outcomes in several domains of dentistry.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Eye-Tracking Technology in Dento-Maxillofacial Esthetics: A Systematic Review

Zhang,

Wang,

et al. 2024

Journal of Craniofacial Surgery

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Two‐ and three‐dimensional symmetry of maxillary incisors: A clinical study

Bérangère,

Kevin,

Tatiana

et al. 2024

J Esthet Restor Dent

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ObjectiveTo assess the 2D and 3D natural symmetry of the maxillary incisors.Materials and methodsMaxillary alginate impressions were taken of 59 young adult volunteers. Gender, orthodontic treatment history, and dominant hand were collected. For 2D analysis, a digital caliper was used for measurements on maxillary casts. For 3D analysis, the casts were scanned using a lab scanner, and the labial surface symmetry of contralateral incisors was evaluated. Mann–Whitney tests and Student's t‐test were performed, α = 0.05.ResultsResults indicated a lack of identical lengths among contralateral central or lateral incisors, with minimal occurrences of identical width measurements. 68% of central incisors and 73% of lateral incisors showed differences in length exceeding 0.2 mm. Central incisors showed more similarities than lateral incisors in width, with 61% central incisors and 47% lateral incisors having differences under 0.2 mm. The differences between highly asymmetrical contralateral teeth are situated at the transitional lines. The influence of sexual dimorphism, orthodontic factors, and the dominant hand on incisors' symmetry was not statistically significant.Conclusions2D and 3D symmetry of the natural maxillary incisors are rare. 3D symmetry remains consistent across orthodontic treatment status, gender, and dominant hand, suggesting its independence from such parameters.Clinical significanceTo achieve a natural and aesthetic smile rehabilitation, the symmetry of the maxillary incisors must be well understood. In our study, 2D and 3D symmetry of the maxillary incisors occurred rarely, but central incisors showed more similarities than lateral incisors in width, with differences under 0.2 mm. On the other hand, differences between highly asymmetrical contralateral teeth are situated at the transitional lines. These conclusions should be included in further computer‐assisted three‐dimensional smile designs.

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Subjective and Objective Evaluation of the Symmetry of Maxillary Incisors among Residents of Southwest Poland

Chrapla

Paradowska-Stolarz

Skośkiewicz−Malinowska

2022

Symmetry

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Dental aesthetics is an essential factor affecting people’s psychosocial wellbeing. One of the most critical components of an aesthetic smile is symmetry within the dentition. Dentists and orthodontists, unlike laypersons, are critical in assessing dental aesthetics. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of patients’ assessment of the symmetry of their maxillary incisors and some factors that influence it. The study was conducted on 83 participants aged from 11 to 39 years. First, the participants filled out a questionnaire to obtain patients’ opinions of the symmetry of their upper incisors. This stage was followed by an intraoral examination, during which we used a digital caliper to measure the width of four maxillary incisors. The data were entered into STATISTICA v. 13.3. The following conclusions were drawn from the study. First, the respondents were generally able to determine the asymmetry of the incisors. Second, among the maxillary incisors, the participants defined the symmetry of maxillary central incisors more accurately than the maxillary lateral incisors. The cut-off value for incisor asymmetry noticeable to a layperson is 0.2 mm for maxillary medial incisors and 0.55 for maxillary lateral incisors. Third, we found no dependence of the accuracy of the assessment of incisor asymmetry on the age of the subjects; however, in our study group, the age range (spread) was not significant, so further studies are recommended. Finally, results concerning the relationship with gender showed that males assess the level of symmetry of their maxillary incisors more accurately than females.

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Influencing Factors on Aesthetics: Highly Controlled Study Based on Eye Movement and the Forensic Aspects in Computer-Based Assessment of Visual Appeal in Upper Front Teeth

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

The Use of Eye-Tracking Technology in Dento-Maxillofacial Esthetics: A Systematic Review

The Use of Eye-Tracking Technology in Dento-Maxillofacial Esthetics: A Systematic Review

Two‐ and three‐dimensional symmetry of maxillary incisors: A clinical study

Subjective and Objective Evaluation of the Symmetry of Maxillary Incisors among Residents of Southwest Poland

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