Influences of swab types and storage temperatures on isolation and molecular detection of <i>Mycoplasma gallisepticum</i> and <i>Mycoplasma synoviae</i>

Ball, Christopher; Felice, Viviana; Ding, Yonghui; Forrester, Anne; Catelli, Elena; Ganapathy, Kannan

doi:10.1080/03079457.2019.1675865

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…While Brucella start to deteriorate in swabs after 3 days at +4°C and −20°C, molecular detection rates at those times are equivalent to those for immediately treated swabs. Refrigeration has been shown to increase the efficiency of Mycoplasma detection in swabs compared to room temperature storage, suggesting that transporting samples on ice is advantageous for detection ( 18 , 26 ). However, the impact of temperature on sample preservation must be considered in its entirety.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To confirm the presence of Brucella , the European Union (EU) and World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) consider bacterial culture as a referent method ( 6 ), while in recent years, fast and precise molecular methods have been developed ( 12 – 17 ). The swab type and storage temperature could influence successful bacterial isolation and molecular detection ( 18 – 22 ). Currently, no protective transport medium has been shown to increase bacterial survival.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Use of Flocked Swabs with a Protective Medium Increases the Recovery of Live Brucella spp. and DNA Detection

et al. 2021

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In order to protect public and veterinary health from highly zoonotic bacteria such as members of the genus Brucella and prevent their dissemination into the environment, direct diagnostics are of utmost importance. However, in addition to the highly specific diagnostic tests, the sampling methods, time necessary for specimens to reach the laboratories, and transport conditions are important factors to consider in order to increase the sensitivity of performed tests, especially bacterial culturing and qPCR.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Flocked Swabs with a Protective Medium Increases the Recovery of Live Brucella spp. and DNA Detection

et al. 2021

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“…Swab collection is one of the most commonly used methods for the isolation and/or detection of bacteria using molecular methods [ 32 ]. However, the storage temperature and storage duration will influence the isolation and molecular detection of bacteria [ 33 ]. Although the swab collection method has been used for viral or bacterial collection for decades, some disadvantages have been reported including the following: (i) the swab market can be disorderly and includes a large number of manufacturers without production licenses; (ii) swabs containing fresh samples of highly pathogenic microorganisms still have infection risks; (iii) swabs are easily contaminated.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between Whatman FTA Elute Cards and Conventional Swab for the Detection of Pathogenic Enteric Bacteria Using an RT-qPCR Assay

Yue

Zichao

2021

Canadian Journal of Infectious Diseases and Medical Microbiolog

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The emergence of outbreaks of foodborne illness is closely associated with food contamination caused by various enteric pathogens, such as Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. The control of enteric pathogens poses a challenge due to the fact that these pathogens can persist for a long period of time in the environment. The rapid detection of pathogenic organisms plays a crucial role in the prevention and identification of crises related to health, safety, and well-being. Improper sample handling and processing may influence the diagnostic efficacy and accuracy. The aim of the present study was to compare the preservation capacity for enteric bacteria between Whatman Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards and swabs for reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) detection. It was found that Whatman FTA cards exhibited an improved preservation capacity for five types (both laboratory and environmental strains) of enteric bacteria, including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis, and Staphylococcus aureus for RT-qPCR detection. Hence, Whatman FTA cards may be a suitable tool for the routine isolation of foodborne bacteria for molecular diagnosis. Therefore, the use of Whatman FTA cards for sample collection and preservation may increase sensitivity and accuracy for bacteria isolation and diagnosis.

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“…Cultures die quickly at +37°C and at room temperature which would be incubation and not storage temperatures and at +4°C where they would survive for 2 weeks in solid medium but less in liquid; on the other hand at -20°C or less, the cultures will be able to survive for 6 to 12 months [19]. The viability of the microorganisms would be important with liquid nitrogen [20] but in the framework of routine diagnosis of mycoplasmosis from samples, the critical factors would be the storage temperature, the duration and the type of swab for the isolation of strains of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of various preservation and storage methods on the viability of mycoplasma field strains isolated in Mali

Séry

Sidibé

Koné

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The survival of five mycoplasma strains was studied in different storage media (Mycoplasma complet media without cryopreservative agent, Mycoplasma complete media with addition of horse serum, Mycoplasma complete media with addition of glycerol and lyophilized cultures without stabilizer) under different temperatures (+37°C, +4°C, -20°C, -85°C) during 24 months. Five Mycoplasma strains, Mycoplasma mycoides subsp mycoides (Mmm), Mycoplasma bovis (Mb), Mycoplasma agalactiae (Ma), Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mg) and Mycoplasma synoviae (Ms) were isolated from various parts of the country. The initial titers of the strains determined by the agar plate count before storage were 42.4x10 7 UFC/ml (8.6 log UFC/ml) for Mmm strain; 32.4x10 8 UFC/ml (9.51 log UFC/ml) for M.bovis strain; 12.4x10 9 UFC/ml (10.09 log UFC/ml) for Ma strain; 2.4x10 9 UFC/ml (9.38 log UFC/ml) for Mg and 2.8x10 9 UFC/ml (9.45 log UFC/ml) for Ms strain. After 3 weeks of storage, no viable mycoplasmas were detected in all the conservation media at +37°C and after 3 months of storage at +4°C except for the lyophilized cultures in which an average viability rate of 17.81% was observed. Overall, the mycoplasma strains remained viable at freezing temperatures after 24 months regardless of the storage medium, but with decreasing titers, which was noticeable with mycoplasma complete media, and mycoplasma media with horse serum. Conversely, at -20°C the average viability rates after 24 months of storage were 84.36% (with glycerol) and 90.04% (lyophilized cultures). At -85°C after 24 months of storage, this was 87.98% (with glycerol) and 91.44% (lyophilized cultures). These findings suggest that, in the absence of the lysophylisation process, the addition of glycerol may be recommended for long-term storage of frozen mycoplasma isolates.

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Influences of swab types and storage temperatures on isolation and molecular detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum and Mycoplasma synoviae

Cited by 13 publications

References 16 publications

The Use of Flocked Swabs with a Protective Medium Increases the Recovery of Live Brucella spp. and DNA Detection

The Use of Flocked Swabs with a Protective Medium Increases the Recovery of Live Brucella spp. and DNA Detection

Comparison between Whatman FTA Elute Cards and Conventional Swab for the Detection of Pathogenic Enteric Bacteria Using an RT-qPCR Assay

Impact of various preservation and storage methods on the viability of mycoplasma field strains isolated in Mali

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