Influence of vitamin D receptor genotype on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a twin study in Britain

BACKGROUND: The known postmenopausal increase in cardiovascular risk may relate in part to changes in fat distribution. Environmental factors which are known to in¯uence cardiovascular disease risk may do so in part by in¯uencing body fat and its distribution. OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationships between tobacco smoking, oestrogen replacement (ERT) and body fat and its distribution in postmenopausal women, independent of genetic factors, physical activity, diet composition and socioeconomic factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study in normal post menopausal twins. SUBJECTS: 712 postmenopausal female twins (aged 58.7 AE 0.2 y, body mass index (BMI) 24.4 AE 0.1 kgam 2 ). MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometry; body composition and fat distribution by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry; physical activity, muscle strength, socioeconomic status, dietary composition and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS). RESULTS: In monozygotic pairs discordant for smoking, intrapair differences in total and central fat were greater than that in concordant pairs, with the lower fat mass in the smoking twin. Overall, smokers had a lower weight, BMI, total and central abdominal fat, despite a higher total and saturated dietary fat intake and similar DHEAS levels. The reduction in central fat was not independent of that in total fat. In monozygotic twins discordant for ERT-use the intrapair differences in total and central body fat were signi®cantly greater than in concordant pairs, with the lower fat measure in the ERT-using twin. Overall, current ERT-users had similar body weight, BMI and total fat compared to non-users but had lower central fat. There were no differences in activity levels, diet or socioeconomic factors between ERT-users and non-users. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking and ERT-use are associated with lower total and central fat in monozygotic postmenopausal twins. In current smokers, the lower central adiposity appears related to its in¯uence on total body fat. In ERT-users, lower central fat may contribute to the reduced cardiovascular risk associated with postmenopausal oestrogen use.

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“…27 All were recruited from a national media campaign, gave written informed consent and were unaware of any hypotheses regarding body fat.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco smoking and oestrogen replacement are associated with lower total and central fat in monozygotic twins

Samaras

Spector

et al. 1998

Int J Obes

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“…115 VDR gene polymorphisms have been found to be associated with the serum 25(OH)D 3 concentration and with bone mineral density, although the strength of this association was originally overestimated. [116][117][118][119][120][121] If vitamin-D deficiency is a risk factor for tuberculosis, it should be expected that VDR gene variants would be associated with tuberculosis. VDR polymorphisms were therefore typed in the Gambian case-control study in which NRAMP1 was found to be associated with tuberculosis.…”

Section: Vitamin-d Receptormentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to mycobacterial infections: the importance of host genetics

2003

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There is substantial evidence that host genetic factors are important in determining susceptibility to mycobacteria. Several different techniques have been used to identify the genes involved. Studies of an inbred strain of mice with increased susceptibility to mycobacteria, salmonella and leishmania infections led to the identification of the natural resistance-associated macrophage protein gene (Nramp1). Case-control studies have confirmed the importance of the human equivalent of this gene, NRAMP1, and have also suggested that the major histocompatibility complex and vitamin-D receptor genes may be involved in determining human susceptibility to mycobacteria. Studies of individuals with the rare condition of increased susceptibility to disseminated bacille Calmette-Guerin and other atypical mycobacterial infections have identified several abnormalities in the genes encoding the interferon gamma receptor (IFNgR) ligand binding chain, IFNgR signal transduction chain, IFNg signal transduction and activation of transcription-1, interleukin 12 receptor b1 subunit and interleukin 12 p40 subunit. A genome-wide linkage study has been performed to identify genes exerting a major effect on tuberculosis susceptibility in the general population. Linkages were found to markers on chromosomes 15 and X. Studies to identify the genes responsible are in progress.

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“…Spector и соавт. в Британии также оценивали связь МПКТ у женщин-близнецов в постменопаузе с гене-тическими особенностями РВД: установили разную степень зависимости для показателей МПКТ, но на-иболее она была выражена для проксимального отде-ла бедренной и лучевой кости; аллели, полиморфные по TaqI для tt, составляли 19,5 %, Тt -41,0 % и ТТ -39,5 % [20].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Генетический Полиморфизм Рецептора Витамина D Определяет Его Метаболизм И эффективность

Yakovleva¹,

Nikolova²,

Doroshkevych³

et al. 2021

PJS

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В обзоре представлены результаты исследований свойств рецептора витамина D и его генетического полиморфизма, который отличается вариабельностью в различных популяциях, а также зависит от возраста и пола. Этот полиморфизм определяет ассоциации различных уровней обеспеченности витамином D с возможностью развития бронхиальной астмы или хронической обструктивной болезни легких и, соответственно, различную эффективность фармакологической коррекции дефицита витамина D. Однако научные данные отличаются противоречивостью, молекулярные механизмы связи витамина D с тонусом бронхов или аллергическими реакциями остаются неясными, что подчеркивает важность исследований для уточнения роли витамина D в воспалительных, иммунных нарушениях при бронхообструктивном синдроме.

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Influence of vitamin D receptor genotype on bone mineral density in postmenopausal women: a twin study in Britain

Abstract: The findings that in postmenopausal women in Britain bone density-particularly at the hip and spine-is genetically linked and specifically associated with the vitamin D receptor genotypes should lead to novel approaches to the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.

Cited by 173 publications

References 12 publications

Tobacco smoking and oestrogen replacement are associated with lower total and central fat in monozygotic twins

Tobacco smoking and oestrogen replacement are associated with lower total and central fat in monozygotic twins

Susceptibility to mycobacterial infections: the importance of host genetics

Генетический Полиморфизм Рецептора Витамина D Определяет Его Метаболизм И эффективность

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