“…As detailed in the Introduction, it has been suggested that exogenous estrogen may have antipsychotic properties or increase response to APDs in women with schizophrenia. Although the latter has been supported in several studies (Agius et al, 2009;Akhondzadeh et al, 2003;Cyr et al, 2002;Korhonen et al, 1995;Kulkarni, 2009;Kulkarni et al, 1996Kulkarni et al, , 2001Kulkarni et al, , 2008aLindamer et al, 2001;Mortimer, 2007;Rao and Kolsch, 2003), other studies reported that estrogen treatment failed to improve or even worsened symptoms (Bergemann et al, 2005;Chua et al, 2005;Gattaz et al, 1994;Lindamer et al, 2001; for review see Mortimer, 2007). We previously provided support for antipsychotic capacity of 17b-estradiol by showing a synergistic effect of ineffective doses of 17b-estradiol and APDs in reversing OVX-induced disrupted LI , and have replicated such a synergistic effect here for amphetamine-induced disrupted LI.…”