Influence of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria laccata on pre-emergence, post-emergence and late damping-off by Fusarium oxysporum and F. verticillioides on Stone pine seedlings

Machón, P.; Pajares, J. A.; Diez, Julio J.; Alves-Santos, Fernando M.

doi:10.1007/s13199-009-0015-0

Cited by 33 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The isolate was selected because previous research confirmed its high virulence on Pinus sylvestris (Machón et al, 2006). The isolate was long-term maintained on Komada (K) medium (Komada, 1975).…”

Section: Fungal Pathogens and Inoculum Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basándonos en los cambios morfológicos observados en las plántulas de 6 meses de P. pinaster (reducción del creci-2010; Kim et al, 2010). Worldwide, damping off caused by Fusarium oxysporum is probably one the most severe disease affecting seedlings in forest nurseries (Machón et al, 2006). In south-western Europe, the pitch canker and the Dutch elm disease, caused by F. circinatum and O. novo-ulmi respectively, are amongst the problems causing higher impact in forests (Martín et al, 2008a, b;Vivas et al, 2012) and none of the suggested control strategies have been effective, either for technical, economical, or environmental limitations.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Evaluating methyl jasmonate for induction of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, F. circinatum and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi

et al. 2012

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Damping off is probably the most common disease affecting seedlings in forest nurseries. In south-western Europe, the pitch canker and the Dutch elm disease cause relevant economic looses in forests, mostly in adult trees. The ability of the chemical plant elicitor methyl jasmonate (MeJA) to induce resistance in Pinus pinaster against Fusarium oxysporum and F. circinatum, and in Ulmus minor against Ophiostoma novo-ulmi was examined. In a first experiment, an aqueous solution of MeJA 5 mM was applied to P. pinaster seeds by immersion or spray, and different concentrations of MeJA (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mM) were tested in seedlings before inoculations with F. oxysporum (10 5 and 10 7 spores mL -1 ). In a second experiment, 6-months-old P. pinaster seedlings were sprayed with 0 and 25 mM of MeJA, and later challenged with mycelium of F. circinatum. Finally, 4-year-old U. minor trees were sprayed with 0, 50 and 100 mM of MeJA and subsequently inoculated with O. novo-ulmi (10 6 spores mL -1 ). MeJA did not protect P. pinaster seeds and seedlings against F. oxysporum, probably because plants were too young for the physiological mechanisms responsible for resistance to be induced. Based on the morphological changes observed in the treated 6-months-old P. pinaster seedlings (reduction of growth and increased resin duct density), there is evidence that MeJA could have activated the mechanisms of resistance. However, 25 mM MeJA did not reduce plant mortality, probably because the spread of the virulent F. circinatum strain within the tree tissues was faster than the formation of effective defense responses. Based on the lack of phenological changes observed in the treated elms, there is no evidence that MeJA would cause induction of resistance. These results suggest that the use of MeJA to prevent F. oxysporum and F. circinatum in P. pinaster seedlings in nurseries and O. novo-ulmi in U. minor trees should be discarded.

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Section: Fungal Pathogens and Inoculum Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating methyl jasmonate for induction of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, F. circinatum and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi

et al. 2012

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“…The most common genera associated with the pathology are Phytophthora, Pythium, Fusarium and Rhizoctonia (Camporota and Perrin, 1998;Gordon et al, 2015). Some strains of the Fusarium genus have been reported as causal agents of damping-off in seedlings of the Pinus genus, including P. nigra and P. pinea (Martín-Pinto et al, 2006;Machón et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Plant Extracts and Growth Substrates on Controlling Damping-Off in Pinus Tecunumanii Seedlings

Fajardo-Mejía

Osorio

Londoño

et al. 2016

CERNE

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Damping-off is considered one of the most limiting phytosanitary problems in conifer seedling production because it may cause massive damage or total plant death in short time periods. This pathology is caused by a complex of microorganisms, the most common of which are Fusarium spp. and Rhizoctonia spp. This study evaluated the effect of growth substrates and plant extracts at different concentrations on germination and incidence of disease in Pinus tecunumanii plants. The plants were inoculated with the damping-off pathogen Fusarium oxysporum and treatments were applied in a completely randomized design with a factorial arrangement of 4x2x3. This corresponded to four substrates (pine bark, rice hull, coconut husk and sandy soil (4:1)); two plant extracts (Matricaria chamomilla and Datura stramonium), and three concentrations of each extract (Control concentration: 0%, Concentration 1: 50 % and Concentration 2: Undiluted). Each treatment had three repetitions, with 25 plants per repetition. The growth substrates affected germination; the most effective of these were sandy soil (4:1) and pine bark, with 90% and 92% germination at day 20, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the germination obtained with these substrates and that obtained with coconut husk after day 19. Meanwhile, all of the extracts had a significant effect on controlling the disease when they were combined with the substrates, with the exception of coconut husk. With this last substrate the incidence of disease was lower than 4% without the application of plant extracts; this indicates that coconut husk discourages the development of the disease on its own. EFEITO DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS E SUBSTRATOS DE PLANTIO NO CONTROLE DO TOMBAMENTO EM MUDAS DE Pinus tecunumaniiTombamento é considerado um dos mais limitantes problemas fitossanitários na produção de mudas de coníferas, pois pode causar grandes danos ou morte total da planta em curtos períodos de tempo. Esta patologia é causada por um complexo de microrganismos, os mais comuns são Fusarium spp. e Rhizoctonia spp. Este estudo avaliou o efeito de substratos de plantio e extratos vegetais em diferentes concentrações sobre a germinação e incidência da doença em mudas de Pinus tecunumanii. As mudas foram inoculadas com o fungo causador de tombamento Fusarium oxysporum e os tratamentos foram aplicados de forma totalmente casualizados com arranjo fatorial 4x2x3. O experimento foi composto por quatro substratos (casca de pinheiro, casca de arroz, casca de coco e solo arenoso (4:1)); dois extratos de plantas (Matricaria chamomilla e Datura stramonium) e três concentrações de cada extrato (Concentração testemunha: 0%, Concentração 1: 50% e Concentração 2: não diluído). Cada tratamento teve três repetições, com 25 plantas por repetição. Os substratos de plantio afetaram a germinação; o mais eficaz destes foi o solo arenoso (4:1) e casca de pinheiro, com 90% e 92% de germinação no dia 20, respectivamente. Não foi observada diferença significativa entre a germinação obtida c...

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“…Cooke (Strobel and Sinclair 1991;Chakravarty and Hwang 1991;Branzanti et al 1999;Machón et al 2006Machón et al , 2009, or the poisonous Paxillus involutus Pedersen et al 1999). However, there is a lack of research about the effects of edible mushrooms with commercial cultivation interest against damping-off (but see Zhang et al 2011).…”

Section: Grown In Containersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The control mechanism involves total or partial elimination of the pathogen population, or the reduction of damaging effects on plants (Cook and Baker 1996). Several authors have suggested that biological control with ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM) may be feasible for controlling damping-off as an alternative or a complement to fungicides (Hwang et al 1995;Pedersen et al 1999;Machón et al 2006Machón et al , 2009Zhang et al 2011). However, the effectiveness of ECM in disease suppression may depend both on particular mycorrhizal and host species, as well as soil conditions (Sampagni et al 1985).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lactarius deliciosus and Rhizopogon roseolus ectomycorrhyzal fungi on seeds and seedlings of Scots and stone pines inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticillioides

Suárez¹,

Villada

Rueda

et al. 2018

The Forestry Chronicle

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Two isolates of the edible ectomycorrhizal fungi (ECM), Lactarius deliciosus and Rhizopogon roseolus, were tested against Fusarium oxysporum and F. verticillioides, causal agents of damping-off on seeds and seedlings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) and stone pine (Pinus pinea). The effects of ECM on Fusarium spp. in the rhizosphere of Scots and stone pines were evaluated by: (1) co-inoculating ECM and Fusarium when seeding (seed test) and (2) co-inoculating eight-week-old seedlings (seedling test). The seed tests showed significant reduction of Scots pine seed germination when treated with F. verticillioides, but this effect was absent when co-inoculated with R. roseolus. Higher germination rates were observed in stone pine when F. oxysporum was co-inoculated with L. deliciosus than the pathogen inoculation alone. In the seedling test, Scots and stone pines were not apparently affected by Fusarium spp. No obvious changes in plant growth-related variables were observed in either assay. Root colonization of Scots and stone pine seedlings by R. roseolus was 15.5% and 12% for the seed assay, as well as 21.6% and 11% for the seedling assay. Lactarius deliciosus mycorrhizal roots were found only in Scots pine seedlings (10%). Rhizopogon roseolus and L. deliciosus are two promising fungi for pine seedling protection against Fusarium damping-off at nurseries.Keywords: biological control, ectomycorrhizal fungi, nursery diseases, Pinus sylvestris, Pinus pinea. RÉSUMÉOn a testé deux isolats des champignons ectomycorhiziens comestibles (ECM) Lactarius deliciosus et Rhizopogon roseolus pour lutter contre Fusarium oxysporum et F. verticillioides, qui provoquent la fonte des graines et des semis chez le pin sylvestre (Pinus sylvestris) et le pin parasol (Pinus pinea). L' expérience consistait à évaluer l' effet de l'ECM dans la rhizosphère des pins sylvestre et parasol en (1) inoculant à la fois l'ECM et Fusarium au moment de l' ensemencement (essai sur les semences) et (2) en les inoculant aussi à des semis âgés de huit semaines (essai sur des semis). Les essais sur les semences ont montré une réduction significative de la germination chez les semences de pin sylvestre traitées avec F. verticillioides, mais cet effet disparaissait lorsqu' on inoculait aussi R. roseolus aux semences. On a aussi obtenu un taux de germination plus élevé chez le pin parasol en inoculant à la fois F. Oxysporum et L. deliciosus qu' en n'inoculant que le pathogène. Dans l' essai sur les semis, le pin sylvestre et le pin parasol n' ont pas semblé affectés par Fusarium spp. On n'a pas observé non plus d' effet sur les paramètres de croissance de la plante dans les deux essais. Dans l' essai sur les semences, le pourcentage de colonisation des racines par R. Roseolus a atteint 15,5 % chez le pin sylvestre et 12 % chez le parasol ainsi que 21,6 % et 11 % respectivement dans l' essai sur les semis. Seules les racines du pin sylvestre ont été colonisées par Lactarius deliciosus (10 %). Rhizopogon roseolus et L. deliciosus sont deux champignons pr...

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Influence of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Laccaria laccata on pre-emergence, post-emergence and late damping-off by Fusarium oxysporum and F. verticillioides on Stone pine seedlings

Cited by 33 publications

References 34 publications

Evaluating methyl jasmonate for induction of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, F. circinatum and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi

Evaluating methyl jasmonate for induction of resistance to Fusarium oxysporum, F. circinatum and Ophiostoma novo-ulmi

Effect of Plant Extracts and Growth Substrates on Controlling Damping-Off in Pinus Tecunumanii Seedlings

Effects of Lactarius deliciosus and Rhizopogon roseolus ectomycorrhyzal fungi on seeds and seedlings of Scots and stone pines inoculated with Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium verticillioides

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