Influence of the age factor on pre-mild cognitive impairment

Yakhno, N. N.; Koberskaya, N. N.; Vv, Zakharov; Grishina, D. A.; Локшина, А. Б.; Mkhitaryan, É. A.; Savushkina, I. Yu.

doi:10.30629/2658-7947-2019-24-5-32-37

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It is objective, less subject to fluctuations related to clinical representation and somatic condition of the patient, and contributes to the standardization of diagnostic criteria [58,59]. It is noted that clinicians should be alert to "small" signs of cognitive decline, such as weakened interest in the environment, absent-mindedness, rapid fatigue, decreased memory for current events, inability to remember new names, problems with orientation in unfamiliar areas, difficulties in choosing a word when speaking, difficulties in counting operations, passivity, desire to shift responsibility to the spouse, daytime sleepiness, irritability [60,61].…”

Section: Screening Methods Of Memory Research Neuropsychological Diag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, there is uncertainty as to which patient complaints are most relevant for identifying very early cognitive decline [33]. Some Russian authors identify a state of lightweight cognitive decline (LCD), characterized by a small (less than 1-1.5 sigma) decrease in some indicators with extended neuropsychological treatment [35][36][37][38].…”

Section: Stage Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Features of Subjective Cognitive Decline in The Early Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease

Kotsiubinskaya,

Mikhailov,

Kazakov

2023

jour

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Subclinical stage of the disease precedes the clinical stage of moderate cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) — a condition in which the level of cognitive function habitual for the subject gradually begins to decrease. In 2021, researchers from the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) clinical criteria for the diagnosis of SCD have been proposed, as well as features that increase the probability of preclinical stage AD in patients with moderate cognitive impairment have been identified. Patients should be offered a complex of examinations — questionnaires regarding the impact of memory impairment on current cognitive activity (forgetfulness, searching for things, difficulty finding words, etc.), testable self-report of cognitive dynamics, neuropsychological testing and diagnosis of pathopsychological changes such as depression and anxiety. It would appear that counselling in the form of interviews and/or testing of persons able to provide relevant information about the patient should be included in the examination of patients with complaints of memory disorders, regardless of their degree of severity. It may be necessary to conduct a survey on the patient’s daily activity, ability to self-service (score, orientation, planning, control and so on), as well as to obtain information about any memory-related changes that have become visible to others, because it is the data from the partner/relative that increase the predictive value of the diagnostic. The modern approach to the study of cognitive functions in elderly people without dementia in the long-term is certainly able to help identify people with a high risk of developing AD.

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Section: Screening Methods Of Memory Research Neuropsychological Diag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Stage Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Features of Subjective Cognitive Decline in The Early Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease

Kotsiubinskaya,

Mikhailov,

Kazakov

2023

jour

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“…Mild Cognitive Impairment) характеризуются снижением одной или нескольких КФ, которые осознаются пациентом и/или заметны окружающим, а также подтверждаются с помощью нейропсихологических методов исследования (снижены интегральные показатели скрининговых шкал). Умеренные когнитивные нарушения (УКН) не сказываются на профессиональной, социальной и бытовой активности пациентов, однако могут затруднять или делать невозможным освоение новых сложных интеллектуальных навыков [7][8][9][10][11]. Изначально разработанные R. Petersen критерии УКН предназначались для диагностики когнитивного дефицита, являющегося продромальной стадией болезни Альцгеймера [12], однако последующая модификация расширила возможности их использования, в том числе для диагностики КН сосудистого генеза [8].…”

Section: умеренные когнитивные нарушенияunclassified

“…Когнитивный дефицит выявляется лишь при расширенном нейропсихологическом исследовании с использованием чувствительных тестов и характеризуется небольшим (менее 1-1,5 сигмы по сравнению с нормальными возрастными, гендерными, образовательными характеристиками) снижением нескольких показателей, отражающих нейродинамический характер имеющихся нарушений (снижение скорости реакции, замедленность мышления, трудности концентрации внимания и избыточная отвлекаемость). В первую очередь нарушается выполнение нейропсихологических тестов, предполагающих учет времени, затраченного на их выполнение [11,13,14,16,17]. Имеющиеся у пациента когнитивные симптомы могут флюктуировать, но при этом не вызывают затруднений в повседневной жизни, в том числе в наиболее сложных видах профессиональной и социально-бытовой активности [7].…”

Section: легкие когнитивные нарушенияunclassified

Cognitive Impairment without Dementia in Clinical Practice

Павловская,

Астапенко

2023

Рецепт

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Во всем мире наблюдается неуклонный рост количества пациентов с когнитивными нарушениями, что является значимой медико-социальной проблемой. Деменция представляет собой конечный этап сосудистых, дегенеративных и других заболеваний головного мозга, сопровождающихся когнитивным дефицитом. В настоящее время деменция является неизлечимым состоянием, поэтому особое внимание следует уделять недементным формам когнитивного снижения, своевременная диагностика которых расширяет потенциальные возможности терапевтического воздействия и в ряде случаев позволяет замедлить или приостановить прогрессирование когнитивного дефицита. В статье приведен обзор современных представлений о терминологии недементных когнитивных нарушений, их клинических особенностях, рассмотрены принципы классификации, подходы к диагностике, а также описаны основные аспекты ведения пациентов с данной патологией. В связи с низкой осведомленностью врачей различного профиля о самых ранних проявлениях когнитивного дефицита особое внимание уделено проблеме субъективных когнитивных нарушений. There is a steady increase in the number of patients with cognitive impairments all over the world, which is a significant medical and social problem. Dementia is the final stage of vascular, degenerative and other brain diseases accompanied by cognitive deficits. Currently, dementia is an incurable condition, therefore, special attention should be paid to cognitive decline without dementia, the timely diagnosis of which expands the potential for therapeutic effects and, in some cases, allows you to slow down or suspend the progression of cognitive deficits. The article provides an overview of modern ideas about the terminology of cognitive impairment without dementia, their clinical features, discusses the principles of classification, approaches to diagnosis, and describes the main aspects of managing patients with this pathology. Due to the low awareness of doctors of various profiles about the earliest manifestations of cognitive deficits, special attention is paid to the problem of subjective cognitive decline.

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“…Кластерный анализ (метод К-средних) показал, что на выраженность когнитивного снижения у пациентов с ДУКС значимо влияют АГ, сердечные нарушения (нару- [20][21][22][23].…”

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Influence of cardiovascular risk factors on pre-mild cognitive decline at middle and old age

Koberskaya

Yakhno

Gridin

et al. 2021

RJTAO

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Much attention is currently paid to non-dementia cognitive impairment, such as mild cognitive impairment and pre-mild cognitive decline (PMCD), since their timely detection and optimal correction increase the possibility of preventing dementia.Objective: to analyze the neuropsychological characteristics of patients with PMCD depending on the presence or absence of cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs): hypertension, cardiac disorders (ischemic heart disease, intracardiac conduction disturbance), and prior stroke and myocardial infarction, as well as diabetes mellitus.Patients and methods. Examinations were made in 182 patients (132 women, 50 men; mean age, 59.32±5.41 years) with PMCD and CVFRs, 101 patients (77 women, 24 men; mean age, 59.45±7.04 years) with PMCD without CVRFs, and 77 control persons (55 women, 22 men; mean age, 60.55±5.65 years). All underwent general clinical, neurological, and clinical psychological studies using rating scales and tests.Results and discussion. The patients with PMCD and CVRFs had lower scores on all neuropsychological tests than the control group and on most tests than the patients with PMCD without CVRFs. In addition to some deterioration in memory indicators, the patients with CVRFs performed worse executive function tests. Cluster analysis showed that in the patients with PMCD, the severity of cognitive decline was considerably affected by hypertension, cardiac disorders, and diabetes mellitus; among them, hypertension was of the most significance.Conclusion. The association of cognitive decline with the burden of CVRFs indicates their important role in the deterioration of cognitive functions in PMCD.

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Influence of the age factor on pre-mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 6 publications

References 6 publications

Clinical Features of Subjective Cognitive Decline in The Early Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease

Clinical Features of Subjective Cognitive Decline in The Early Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease

Cognitive Impairment without Dementia in Clinical Practice

Influence of cardiovascular risk factors on pre-mild cognitive decline at middle and old age

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