Influence of soil cover on reducing the environmental impact of spontaneous coal combustion in coal waste gobs: A review and new experimental data

Analysis of coal fire dynamics in the Wuda syncline impacted by fire-fighting activities based on in-situ observations and Landsat-8 remote sensing data

“…They are mainly distributed along the northern coal belt of China (Song and Kuenzer, 2014), particularly, in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (Kuenzer et al, 2007b, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (Shao et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2004a,b), Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (Huo et al, 2014;Kuenzer et al, 2007b;Litschke, 2005;Tetzlaff, 2004), Shanxi Province (Querol et al, 2008(Querol et al, , 2011Shao et al, 2015;Zhao et al, 2008), Shaanxi Province, Heilongjiang Province , Qinghai Province and Guizhou Province. Coal fires in Wuda coalfield of Inner Mongolia belong to the largest coal fires in China and have been most extensively investigated (Gangopadhyay, 2003;Gangopadhyay et al, 2005;Kuenzer et al, 2007bKuenzer et al, , 2008Liang et al, 2014;Lindner et al, 2010;Litschke et al, 2008;Schloemer et al, 2008;Stracher et al, 2012;.…”

Old Smokey coal fire, Floyd County, Kentucky: Estimates of gaseous emission rates

“…Coal-fire emissions are enriched in greenhouse gasses such as CO 2 and CH 4 ; volatile aliphatic, BETX compounds, and PAH's; and volatile inorganic species, including Hg (Carras et al, 2009;Hower et al, 2009;Ide and Orr, 2011;Krevor et al, 2011;O'Keefe et al, 2010;Silva et al, 2011a;Silva et al, in press;Querol et al, 2011;van Dijk et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2008;among others).…”

A statistical assessment of carbon monoxide emissions from the Truman Shepherd coal fire, Floyd County, Kentucky

“…The emissions from coal fires contain a broad series of C1 to C10 hydrocarbons, benzene-toluene-ethylene-xylene (BTEX) gases, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and inorganic species (Hower et al, 2009(Hower et al, , 2013O'Keefe et al, 2011;Silva et al, 2011aSilva et al, , 2012 along with CO, CO 2 , and Hg (Carras et al, 2009;Hower et al, 2009Hower et al, , 2011Hower et al, , 2012Hower et al, , 2013Ide and Orr, 2011;Krevor et al, 2011;O'Keefe et al, 2010O'Keefe et al, , 2011Querol et al, 2011;van Dijk et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2008). We have observed breathing cycles in several Kentucky fires, including the Laura Campbell fire (Perry County, KY; 2007 observations by Hower and others not yet documented in a published paper), the Ruth Mullins fire (documentation from both CO and T; Hower et al, 2011), the Lotts Creek fire (T data; Hower et al, 2012); and the Truman Shepherd fire (T data; Hower et al, 2013).…”