Influence of Short-Term Ischemia on Segmental Spinal Cord Reflex Functions in Cats

Kolenda, Herbert; Steffens, Heinz; Hagenah, Johann; Diegeler, Anno; Ankorina, Ieva; Schomburg, E. D.

doi:10.1097/00002517-199702000-00009

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The total number of clamped arteries was dependent on the SCBF reduction attained in each of the 2 spinal cord sections. Previous studies that measured SCBF after occlusion of the thoracic aorta with microspheres 13 or LDF 14 showed that a 75% reduction in SCBF abolished evoked potentials. In the present study the SCBF levels in the respective spinal cord sections were adjusted by clamping and unclamping of segmental arteries until SCBF levels obtained were below 25% of baseline for the ischemic spinal cord section, while SCBF remained above 75% of baseline in the nonischemic spinal cord section.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 96%

Delayed detection of motor pathway dysfunction after selective reduction of thoracic spinal cord blood flow in pigs

Lips

Haan²,

Bouma³

et al. 2002

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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In this experimental model of selective spinal cord ischemia, a severe reduction of lumbar spinal cord blood flow results in rapid loss of myogenic motor evoked potentials, whereas a similar blood flow reduction in the thoracic spinal cord results in relatively slow loss of motor evoked potentials. The effectiveness of motor evoked potentials to rapidly assess spinal cord integrity might be limited when spinal cord ischemia is confined to the thoracic segments.

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Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 96%

Delayed detection of motor pathway dysfunction after selective reduction of thoracic spinal cord blood flow in pigs

Lips

Haan²,

Bouma³

et al. 2002

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

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show abstract

“…To prevent irreversible tissue damage and identify tissue at risk in the early stages of DCM, it is essential to understand the underlying pathophysiological processes contributing to spinal cord neurodegeneration, not only at the site of cord compression, but also in the non-compressed segments. Preclinical evidence indicates that perfusion impairment and vascular changes in the cervical cord play an important role in the development of DCM 9 – 12 , where perfusion deficit may be a potential precursor of neuronal cell death, leading eventually to tissue degeneration 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of perfusion impairment in degenerative cervical myelopathy beyond the site of cord compression

Lebret,

Lévy,

Pfender

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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The aim of this study was to determine tissue-specific blood perfusion impairment of the cervical cord above the compression site in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging. A quantitative MRI protocol, including structural and IVIM imaging, was conducted in healthy controls and patients. In patients, T2-weighted scans were acquired to quantify intramedullary signal changes, the maximal canal compromise, and the maximal cord compression. T2*-weighted MRI and IVIM were applied in all participants in the cervical cord (covering C1–C3 levels) to determine white matter (WM) and grey matter (GM) cross-sectional areas (as a marker of atrophy), and tissue-specific perfusion indices, respectively. IVIM imaging resulted in microvascular volume fraction ($$F$$ F ), blood velocity ($$D^{*}$$ D ∗ ), and blood flow ($$F \cdot D^{*}$$ F · D ∗ ) indices. DCM patients additionally underwent a standard neurological clinical assessment. Regression analysis assessed associations between perfusion parameters, clinical outcome measures, and remote spinal cord atrophy. Twenty-nine DCM patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. At the level of stenosis, 11 patients showed focal radiological evidence of cervical myelopathy. Above the stenosis level, cord atrophy was observed in the WM (− 9.3%; p = 0.005) and GM (− 6.3%; p = 0.008) in patients compared to healthy controls. Blood velocity (BV) and blood flow (BF) indices were decreased in the ventral horns of the GM (BV: − 20.1%, p = 0.0009; BF: − 28.2%, p = 0.0008), in the ventral funiculi (BV: − 18.2%, p = 0.01; BF: − 21.5%, p = 0.04) and lateral funiculi (BV: − 8.5%, p = 0.03; BF: − 16.5%, p = 0.03) of the WM, across C1–C3 levels. A decrease in microvascular volume fraction was associated with GM atrophy (R = 0.46, p = 0.02). This study demonstrates tissue-specific cervical perfusion impairment rostral to the compression site in DCM patients. IVIM indices are sensitive to remote perfusion changes in the cervical cord in DCM and may serve as neuroimaging biomarkers of hemodynamic impairment in future studies. The association between perfusion impairment and cervical cord atrophy indicates that changes in hemodynamics caused by compression may contribute to the neurodegenerative processes in DCM.

show abstract

“…To prevent irreversible tissue damage and identify tissue at risk in the early stages of DCM, it is essential to understand the underlying pathophysiological processes contributing to spinal cord neurodegeneration, not only at the site of cord compression, but also in the non-compressed segments. Preclinical evidence indicates that perfusion impairment and vascular changes in the cervical cord play an important role in the development of DCM [9][10][11][12] , where perfusion de cit may be a potential precursor of neuronal cell death, leading eventually to tissue degeneration 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of perfusion impairment in degenerative cervical myelopathy beyond the site of cord compression

Lebret,

Lévy,

Pfender

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to determine tissue-specific blood perfusion impairment of the cervical cord above the compression site in patients with degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) using intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) imaging. A quantitative MRI protocol, including structural and IVIM imaging, was conducted in healthy controls and patients. In patients, T2-weighted scans were acquired to quantify intramedullary signal changes, the maximal canal compromise, and the maximal cord compression. T2*-weighted MRI and IVIM were applied in all participants in the cervical cord (covering C1-C3 levels) to determine white matter (WM) and grey matter (GM) cross-sectional areas (as a marker of atrophy), and tissue-specific perfusion indices, respectively. IVIM imaging resulted in microvascular volume fraction (F), blood velocity (D*), and blood flow (F·D*) indices. DCM patients additionally underwent a standard neurological clinical assessment. Regression analysis assessed associations between perfusion parameters, clinical outcome measures, and remote spinal cord atrophy. Twenty-nine DCM patients and 30 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. At the level of stenosis, 11 patients showed focal radiological evidence of cervical myelopathy. Above the stenosis level, cord atrophy was observed in the WM (-9.3%; p = 0.005) and GM (-6.3%; p = 0.008) in patients compared to healthy controls. Blood velocity (BV) and blood flow (BF) indices were decreased in the ventral horns of the GM (BV: -20.1%, p = 0.0009; BF: -28.2%, p = 0.0008), in the ventral funiculi (BV:-18.2%, p = 0.01; BF: -21.5%, p = 0.04) and lateral funiculi (BV: -8.5%, p = 0.03; BF: -16.5%, p = 0.03) of the WM, across C1-C3 levels. A decrease in microvascular volume fraction was associated with GM atrophy (R = 0.46, p = 0.02). This study demonstrates tissue-specific cervical perfusion impairment rostral to the compression site in DCM patients. IVIM indices are sensitive to remote perfusion changes in the cervical cord in DCM and may serve as neuroimaging biomarkers of hemodynamic impairment in future studies. The association between perfusion impairment and cervical cord atrophy indicates that changes in hemodynamics caused by compression may contribute to the neurodegenerative processes in DCM.

show abstract

Influence of Short-Term Ischemia on Segmental Spinal Cord Reflex Functions in Cats

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Delayed detection of motor pathway dysfunction after selective reduction of thoracic spinal cord blood flow in pigs

Delayed detection of motor pathway dysfunction after selective reduction of thoracic spinal cord blood flow in pigs

Investigation of perfusion impairment in degenerative cervical myelopathy beyond the site of cord compression

Investigation of perfusion impairment in degenerative cervical myelopathy beyond the site of cord compression

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