Influence of particle size in supercritical carbon dioxide extraction of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) on bioactive compound recovery, extraction rate, diffusivity, and solubility

Abstract

The purpose of this work was to establish the best particle size for recovering high yields of total phenolic compounds (TPC), total anthocyanin compounds(TAC) and total flavonoid compounds (TFC) from roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa) by applying supercritical carbon dioxide (ScCO2). The extraction rate, diffusivity and solubility of yield in ScCO2 were also studied and calculated utilizing models. Pressure (10 and 30 MPa), temperature (40 and 60 °C), and particle size (250 µm < dp < 355 µm, 355 µm < dp < 425 µm and 425 µm < dp < 500 µm) were employed as variables in this experiment. The greatest recovery was 11.96% yield, 7.16 mg/100 g TAC, 42.93 mg/100 g TPC and 239.36 mg/100 g TFC under the conditions of 30 MPA, 40 °C and 250 µm < dp < 355 µm, respectively. The extraction rate of supercritical carbon dioxide in roselle extraction ranged from 5.19 E−03 to 1.35 E−03 mg/s fitted using the Esquivel model. The diffusivity coefficient of ScCO2 ranged from 2.17E−12 to 3.72E−11 mg/s2, as fitted by a single sphere model. The greatest solubility of global yield, TAC, TPC and TFC in ScCO2 was 1.50 g/L, 0.3 mg/L, 1.69 mg/L and 9.97 mg/L, respectively, with a particle size of 250 µm < dp < 355 µm. The smaller particle size of roselle provides the maximum bioactive compound recovery and solubility. Furthermore, the diffusivity and extraction of ScCO2 are increased by decreasing the particle size. Therefore, a smaller particle size is appropriate for roselle extraction by ScCO2 based on the experimental and modelling data.

Towards a greener future: Bioactive compounds extraction from shrimp shells using eco‐friendly techniques

“…Temperature represents another critical determinant that profoundly influences extraction yields, although it necessitates a delicate equilibrium. The judicious selection of the optimal temperature is essential, as excessively high temperatures can induce the thermal degradation of sensitive compounds, potentially compromising their integrity and overall quality (Putra, Rizkiyah, Idham, et al, 2023). Conversely, excessively low temperatures impede extraction efficiency by limiting the solubility of target compounds.…”

Green Extraction of Valuable Compounds from Rubber Seed Trees: A Path to Sustainability

“…The use of smaller particle sizes results in an increased surface area, which facilitates a higher number of interaction sites between SC-CO 2 and the matrix of rubber seed trees [78]. The increased level of interaction between components leads to a greater breakdown of compounds, hence augmenting the effectiveness and output of the extraction process [79]. The aforementioned subtle adjustments made to the extraction parameters highlight the complexities associated with SFE and its capacity for precise optimization in order to achieve the highest possible retrieval of bioactive compounds from rubber seed trees.…”

“…The augmentation of surface area promotes the process of extraction. [79] Extraction Time Extended extraction durations have the potential to result in increased yield.…”