Influence of microbial fermentation processing of sesame meal and enzyme supplementation on broiler performances

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of fermented sesame meal (FSM) replacement by soybean meal (SBM) in broilers. In the first experiment, a completely randomised design with 3 Â 4 factorial arrangement was used for microorganism comparison [Lactobacillus acidophilus (LA), Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) and LA þ SC] and fermentation time courses (0, 2, 7, and 12 days). In the second experiment, a total of 420-day-old boilers (Ross 308V R ) were randomly allocated to seven treatments and five replicates. The experimental treatments include basal diet based on soybean meal (SBM), SBM substituted with 15 and 25% raw sesame meal (RSM) with and without phytase (PHX); RSM 15 , RSM 25 , RSM 15 þ PHX, and RSM 25 þ PHX, and SBM substituted with 15 and 25% FSM; FSM 15 and FSM 25 . Results showed that, in the fermentation process, the main effects of microorganism and days of fermentation significantly affected the pH and crude protein (p < .05). Also, the main effect of day of fermentation was found significant for phytic acid, oxalate and crude fibre (p < .05). The crude protein was increased when a mixture of LA and SC was used (p < .05). Broilers fed RSM 25 had the lowest and the highest BWG and FCR, respectively, than those fed other diets on day 42 (p < .05). Compared to all diets except for RSM 15 , RSM 25 a reduction was recorded for phosphorus digestibility (p < .05). In conclusion, fermentation process improved the nutrient value of the RSM and subsequently performance of the broilers and could be used as a protein source in broiler diets. HIGHLIGHTSFermentation process leads to significant decrease in phytic acid content of sesame meal. Raw sesame meal had adverse effects on the performance of broilers. Fermented sesame meal may improve the broilers performance similar to soybean meal.

Phytase expressed from Saccharomyces pombe ameliorates footpad lesions in cage‐reared broiler chicks

“…In this study, broiler chicks fed the diet supplemented with S. pombe expressed phytase increased the AID of calcium ( p = 0.036) and phosphorus ( p = 0.045), but did not affect the crude protein (Table 3 ), which was affirmed by the study of Hajimohammadi et al. ( 2020 ). In brief, dietary supplementation of 250 and 500 FTU/kg S. pombe expressed phytase could degrade phytate, which was manifested in the increase of the AID of phosphorus and calcium.…”

Feeding broiler chicks with Schizosaccharomyces pombe-expressed phytase-containing diet improves growth performance, phosphorus digestibility, toe ash, and footpad lesions

“…Earlier studies have proved that feeding broiler chicks with phytase-containing diet could improve their growth performance [ 29 , 30 ] which agrees with the findings of the present study. The mechanism of phytase supplementation improving growth performance of broiler chicks was related to the event of phytate hydrolysis by phytase, which releases the phytate-bound nutrient ingredients [ 31 , 32 ], thus improving nutrient digestibility and resulting in a decrease of FCR and an increase of BWG in birds [ 5 , 33 , 34 ].…”

“…This can be predicted because the increase of carcass weight was related to the increase of body weight, a higher body weight corresponds to a higher carcass weight [ 48 ]. Similarly, several studies have reported that feeding broiler chicks with phytase-containing diet improved body weight, thus leading to a higher carcass weight [ 34 , 48 , 49 ]. However, dietary supplementation of phytase did not affect the relative weight of breast weight, liver, bursa of fabricius, abdominal fat, spleen, and gizzard.…”

“…However, dietary supplementation of phytase did not affect the relative weight of breast weight, liver, bursa of fabricius, abdominal fat, spleen, and gizzard. Some studies also reported that feeding broiler chicks with phytase-containing diet did not affect the relative weight of breast muscle [ 29 , 48 ], liver [ 30 , 50 ], bursa of fabricius [ 34 , 51 ], abdominal fat [ 49 , 50 ], spleen [ 33 , 52 ], and gizzard [ 30 , 53 ]. Therefore, we considered that the development of organs was not sensitive to the supplementation of graded levels of S. pombe -expressed phytase.…”

“…The lack of effects of phytase on calcium and crude protein digestibility could be explained by the difference of phytate binding degree between phosphorus with calcium and protein [40]. Similarly, many studies have reported that feeding broiler chicks with 250 to 1,000 FTU/kg S. pombe-expressed phytase had positive effects on the AID of phosphorus but did not affect the AID of calcium and crude protein [34,[41][42][43]. In brief, dietary supplementation of S. pombe-expressed phytase could degrade phytate, manifested in the increase of the AID of phosphorus.…”