Influence of drying on the mechanical behaviour of flax fibres and their unidirectional composites

Roselle fibre is a type of natural fibre that can be utilized as apotential reinforcement filler in polymer composites for different applications. This work investigates the chemical, physical, mechanical, morphological, and thermal characteristics of roselle fibre at different levels of maturity (3, 6, and 9 months). The diameter of roselle fibre increases as the plant matures. However in contrast to this, the moisture content and water absorption of roselle fibre decrease as the plant matures. Chemical content of roselle fibres from plants of different ages indicate that as the plant matures, the cellulose content decreases. Tensile strength of roselle fibre decreases from 3 months old to 9 months old. The cross section of roselle fibre shows a typical morphology of bast fibre, where there is a lumen in the central of fibre.Thermal analysis results show that the effect of thermal decomposition of roselle fiber is almost the same for all plant ages. It is concludedthat roselle fibres can be used as reinforced material for manufacturing of polymer composites. Based on its excellent properties, roselle fibres are suitable for different applications such as automotive and building components at lower cost.

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“…6. The samples were heated in an oven for 24 h at 105 o C (Baley et al 2012). Before heating the samples, the weight of fibre was measured as M0.…”

Section: Water Absorptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Chemical Composition, Physical, Tensile, Morphological, and Thermal Properties of Roselle Fibre: Effect of Fibre Maturity

Razali¹,

Salit²,

Jawaid³

et al. 2015

BioResources

120

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“…A decrease in the tensile failure strength of FF dried at 103°C was also reported by Masseteau et al [31], where a 17 % loss in strength was accompanied by a 20 % increase in their modulus, compared to the 'wet' state. Both studies [30,31] showed that despite the changes observed in the fibre properties, the moduli of the resulting UD flax/epoxy composites using either 'wet' or 'dried' fibres were comparable. For the purpose of removing moisture near the surface of FF, immediately prior to manufacturing the composite, moderate temperatures between 40 and 80°C have been typically used with drying periods varying from 2 to 48 h [17,18,32,33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…However, in general, the rapid absorption of water by these natural fibres is well established, as is the effect that the absorbed moisture in the natural fibres may have upon the subsequent properties of the NFRP composites [e.g., [30][31][32][33][34]. According to Baley et al [30], drying at around 150°C is required to remove bound water, but drying at 105°C for 14 h may already cause a decrease in strength of FF by 42-46 %, with a corresponding decrease of 36 % in the UD composites. A decrease in the tensile failure strength of FF dried at 103°C was also reported by Masseteau et al [31], where a 17 % loss in strength was accompanied by a 20 % increase in their modulus, compared to the 'wet' state.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tough, natural-fibre composites based upon epoxy matrices

et al. 2015

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Flax fibres and cellulose fibres were used to manufacture composites with particle-modified epoxy matrices in order to develop 'green' composites which possess relatively high values of interlaminar fracture energy, G c . The flax used had a unidirectional architecture of continuous yarns spun from short, interlocked fibres. The regenerated cellulose consisted of continuous and nontwisted pure cellulose fibres in a plain-woven architecture. The natural-fibre-reinforced-polymer (NFRP) composites employed an anhydride-cured diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A epoxy as the matrix. The epoxy polymeric matrix was modified with (a) silica nanoparticles, (b) rubber microparticles, and (c) a combination of both of these types of particles to give a hybrid-toughened epoxy matrix. The composites were manufactured via a resin infusion under flexible-tooling (RIFT) process. Preliminary studies on the NFRP composites manufactured using the initial-RIFT process clearly showed the deleterious effect that moisture present in the natural fibres had upon the properties of the NFRP composites, since the trapped water cannot escape from the composite panel. Hence, an optimised-RIFT process was developed whereby the natural fibres were dried in a fan oven prior to being employed in the RIFT process. This reduced the water content of the fibres from around 9 to 10 wt% to about 1 wt%. Significant improvements in the physical and mechanical properties were recorded for the NFRP composites manufactured using this optimised-RIFT process. Indeed, in particular, very dramatic improvements in the G c of the NFRP composites were measured, especially when the epoxy polymeric matrix was modified using the silica nanoparticles and/or rubber microparticles. For example, a steady-state propagation value of G c of about 1935 J/m 2 was measured for the flax-fibre composite with the hybrid epoxy matrix, compared to values of 1110 and 535 J/m 2 for the flax-fibre and glass-fibre composites based on the unmodified (i.e., the 'control') epoxy matrix, respectively.

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“…Indeed, due to the nature of the cell wall constituents, temperature has a strong influence on the mechanical properties of plant fibres (Bourmaud et al, 2016). Studies of the authors Baley et al (2012) showed that the tensile strength of flax fibre after heating for 14 h at 105°C was strongly affected by the drying cycle which resulted in damage to the fibres. In the production of new composite materials a new bio-based polymer is used, such as Polyamide 11 (PA11).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature and moisture content on tensile behaviour of false banana fibre (Ensete ventricosum)

Mizera¹,

Herák²,

Hrabě³

et al. 2017

International Agrophysics

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A b s t r a c t. The mechanical behaviour of natural fibres as composite materials can be affected by changes in temperature and moisture content. The aim of this paper was to describe the effect of temperature and moisture content on tensile strength of false banana fibre (Ensete ventricosum) and to determine its water absorption. Samples of fibres were prepared and tested until rupture point with strain rate of 0.05 min -1 at temperature change between -20 and 220°C as well as moisture content between 10 and 90% wb. The water absorption and release of Ensete fibres at 60 and 90% relative humidity was also determined. Results showed that Ensete fibres exhibited stability of tensile strength in the temperature range from 0 to 100°C but the increase of temperature decreased statistically significantly the tensile strength. The effect of moisture content on tensile strength was not statistically significant. The equilibrium moisture content at 60% relative humidity and 25°C was determined.

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Influence of drying on the mechanical behaviour of flax fibres and their unidirectional composites

Cited by 152 publications

References 54 publications

A Study on Chemical Composition, Physical, Tensile, Morphological, and Thermal Properties of Roselle Fibre: Effect of Fibre Maturity

A Study on Chemical Composition, Physical, Tensile, Morphological, and Thermal Properties of Roselle Fibre: Effect of Fibre Maturity

Tough, natural-fibre composites based upon epoxy matrices

Effect of temperature and moisture content on tensile behaviour of false banana fibre (Ensete ventricosum)

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