Influence of Dietary Fatty Acids on Serum Lipids

Influence of Fatty-Acid Composition of Infant Formulas on the Development of Arteriosclerosis and on the Lipid Composition of Blood and Tissues

“…Our results confirmed the observation of P ic k e r in g et al [14] that a diet containing bovine butter fat produces a high plasma cholesterol level when fed to the infant rhesus monkey, just as it does in the human adult [1], Furthermore, mean cholesterol levels of the group fed the F -l formula for up to 19 months were significantly higher after 11 months than those of the entire group fed the F -l formula for only up to 11 months (p = < 0.01). One explanation may be the tendency of plasma cholesterol to increase with age; but it is more likely in this case that the disparity was due to the relatively low level of activity observed in these animals as they grew older.…”

An Interpretive Review: Diet in Early Life and the Prevention of Atherosclerosis

“…Pickering et al (49) found that feeding monkeys a formula containing fat mainly of vegetable oil origin resulted in significantly lower levels of serum cholesterol compared with the levels found in animals receiving a milk fat formula; however, the histologic features of the cardiovascular system were similar for both groups. Greenberg and Gonzalez (26) and Greenberg and Wheeler (27) fed infant monkeys one of the following four diets: ( I ) monkey milk, (2) human milk, (3) bovine butterfat formula, and (4) a mixed fat formula with a polyunsaturated t o saturated fatty acid ratio of 111.…”

“…Although there are many risk factors which may influence the eventuality of this vascular disease, emphasis has been placed on the composition of dietary lipids (2,6,7,37,41,46,49,50) and genetics (10, 15-17, 21-24, 30, 35, 39, 53, 55). The etiology of atherosclerosis may be pediatric in origin, as arterial fatty streaks, possibly antecedents of atherosclerotic lesions, have been found in infants 3-4 months of age (32,33,48,58).…”

Atherosclerosis in Subhuman Primates

“…Pickering et al [1961] have fed eleven rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatto) starting from birth on a formula diet moderately low in protein (11% of total calories) and high in lipids (47% of total calories either as milk fat or vegetable oil). W hen the animals were sacrificed after 350 days, the aorta and muscular arteries had lesions which ranged from early fibrous plaques to more advanced sclerosis.…”