Influence of diet and obesity on COPD development and outcomes

Abstract

The global increase in the prevalence and incidence of obesity has called serious attention to this issue as a major public health concern. Obesity is associated with many chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease and diabetes, and recently the role of overweight and obesity in lung disease has received new interest. Independently of obesity, diet also plays a role as a risk factor for many chronic diseases, and evidence is accumulating to support a role for diet in the prevention and management of several lung diseases. Chronic obstructive lung disease is the third-leading cause of death globally, and both obesity and diet appear to play roles in its pathophysiology. Obesity has been associated with decreased lung-function measures in population-based studies, with increased prevalence of several lung diseases and with compromised pulmonary function. In contrast, obesity has a protective effect against mortality in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nutrient intake and dietary patterns have also been associated with lung-function measures and the development and progression of COPD. Taken together, this suggests that a focus on obesity and diet should be part of public health campaigns to reduce the burden of lung disease, and could have important implications for clinicians in the management of their patients. Future research should also focus on elucidating these relationships in diverse populations and age-groups, and on understanding the complex interaction between behavior, environment, and genetics in the development and progression of COPD. The goal of this article is to review current evidence regarding the role that obesity and diet play in the development of COPD, and in COPD-related outcomes.

Oxidant status, iron homeostasis, and carotenoid levels of COPD patients with advanced disease and LTOT

“…Several studies have evaluated the impact of nutritional therapy in COPD patients [3–5]. However, it is still unclear how specific dietary components may influence lung function [6] and important clinical outcomes in patients with COPD [7]. In focus of many studies is the possible relationship between nutritional intake, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with COPD [8].…”

The effect of obesity on dyspnea, exercise capacity, walk work and workload in patients with COPD

“…Obesity constitute a major public health problem with an increasing prevalence despite all preventive efforts and controls, and their prevalence is expected to further grow in the upcoming years (1,2). Obesity is associated with a broad range of chronic diseases including hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease, and increases mortality (3).…”

The influence of gender on selected risk factors for chronic non-communicable diseases in patients hospitalized in surgical wards: A cross-sectional study

“…People with excess body weight are more likely to develop DM, CVD (including HTN and stroke), dyslipidemias, chronic respiratory disease, i.e., COPD, as well as mood disorders, i.e., depression. [20][21][22]26,29,38,[51][52][53][54] In the present study, up to 58.5% of women and 66% of men had excessive body weight (BMI >25). Among government officials in Bahrain and professional drivers in Brazil, this percentage was even higher, which may be associated with sedentary type of work.…”

“…The average total number of points obtained by patients was 8.92 ±4. 53. This means that the diet of patients is improper.…”