Influence of Cold Gas Spray process conditions on the microstructure of Fe-based amorphous coatings

Henao, John; Concustell, A.; Cano, I.G.; Cinca, N.; Dosta, S.; Guilemany, J.M.

doi:10.1016/j.jallcom.2014.11.037

Cited by 63 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(45 reference statements)

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“…The obtained coatings exhibited tribological and corrosive properties similar to that of cast BMG [208][209][210]. More recent studies demonstrated that amorphous coatings of Fe-based BMGs could be deposited by using nitrogen as process gas [87,88,96,211]. Figure 28.…”

Section: Metallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…A presumption is that the particle temperature should be above Tg, allowing for viscous flow of the material in the undercooled liquid state [86]. Recent investigations on Fe73Cr2Si11B11C3 attributes successful deposition to viscous flow at high (> 10 -3 ) Reynolds numbers [87,88]. This interpretation cannot explain experiments using helium as process gas, where particles cool down to temperatures below Tg.…”

Section: Bonding Of Brittle Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold spraying – A materials perspective

et al. 2016

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Cold spraying is a solid-state powder deposition process with several unique characteristics, allowing production of coatings or bulk components from a wide range of materials. The process has attracted much attention from academia and industry over the past two decades.The technical interest in cold spraying is twofold: first as a coating process for applications in surface technology, and second as a solid-state additive manufacturing process, offering an alternative to selective laser melting or electron beam melting methods. Moreover, cold spraying can be used to study materials behaviour under extremely high strain rates, high pressures and high cooling rates. The cold spraying process is thus considered to be relevant for various industrial applications, as well as for fundamental studies in materials science.This article aims to provide an overview of the cold spray process, the current understanding of the deposition mechanisms, and the related models and experiments, from a materials science perspective. IntroductionCold spraying (CS) is a solid-state material deposition technique, where micron-sized particles of a powder bond to a substrate as a result of high-velocity impact and the associated severe plastic deformation. Acceleration of particles to high velocities is obtained via expansion of a pressurised and (ironically) 'hot' gas through a diverging-converging nozzle.Despite heating the process gas -which is to provide higher acceleration of the gas and also to facilitate particle deformation through thermal softening -the feedstock remains in the solid state throughout the entire process; hence the name 'cold' spraying. This is to underline the contrast to conventional thermal spraying where particles are completely or partially molten upon impact onto the substrate. Alternative terminology includes cold gas spray, micro cold spray, cold gas dynamic spray, kinetic spray, supersonic particle deposition and metal powder application (MPA), all of which refer to the same principle of solid-state powder deposition as described above. CS is used for coating and repair. It is also used for additive manufacturing (AM) at relatively high deposition rates as compared to the methods based on selective laser or electron beam melting. The main advantage of CS is that it alleviates the problems associated with high temperature processing of materials, such as oxidation and unfavourable structural changes. It is possibly the only continuous method to produce bulk components of metastable materials that are available only in the powder form, e.g. as obtained from mechanical attrition or gas atomisation. The aim of the present paper is to provide an overview of CS from a materials perspective, particularly for a broader audience in materials research, e.g. with interest in dynamic phenomena, plasticity and phase transformations. In terms of application and properties, CS is perhaps best to be compared to thermal spraying processes, as in [24,25]. In view of relevant physical phenomena, however, CS is mos...

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Section: Metallic Materialsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Bonding Of Brittle Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold spraying – A materials perspective

et al. 2016

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“…These equations are solved by substituting the boundary conditions in Table 1. The exit velocity was calculated from Equation (20). Table 1.…”

Section: » --mentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Verification of Statistically Optimized Parameters for Low-Pressure Cold Spray Coating of Titanium

Adebiyi

Popoola

Botef

2016

Metals

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The cold spray coating process involves many process parameters which make the process very complex, and highly dependent and sensitive to small changes in these parameters. This results in a small operational window of the parameters. Consequently, mathematical optimization of the process parameters is key, not only to achieving deposition but also improving the coating quality. This study focuses on the mathematical identification and experimental justification of the optimum process parameters for cold spray coating of titanium alloy with silicon carbide (SiC). The continuity, momentum and the energy equations governing the flow through the low-pressure cold spray nozzle were solved by introducing a constitutive equation to close the system. This was used to calculate the critical velocity for the deposition of SiC. In order to determine the input temperature that yields the calculated velocity, the distribution of velocity, temperature, and pressure in the cold spray nozzle were analyzed, and the exit values were predicted using the meshing tool of Solidworks. Coatings fabricated using the optimized parameters and some non-optimized parameters are compared. The coating of the CFD-optimized parameters yielded lower porosity and higher hardness.

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“…Bulk MGs are manufactured by different techniques, all including a rapid quenching step, yielding materials characterized by a short-range order but typically endowed with very limited ductility and with negligible plastic behavior in compression [9]. For these reasons, commercial applications of this class of materials are not yet consolidated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermal-sprayed coatings of amorphous metals represent a viable alternative solution to producing MGs, while preserving their exceptional properties and avoiding extreme brittleness [9]. In fact, the lack of grain boundaries, representing the weak points of crystalline materials, can be responsible for improved resistance to wear and corrosion [10], and these protection properties can be easily conferred by surface layers deposited on tough and plastically deformable structural substrates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amorphous Steel Coatings Deposited by Cold-Gas Spraying

Tuluí

Bartuli

Bezzon

et al. 2019

Metals

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Cold-gas spray (CGS) deposition of amorphous steel coatings starting from a commercial feedstock powder containing boron, tungsten, and silicon was investigated. Microstructural characterization, carried out by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy, and backscattered electron diffraction (EBSD) analysis, confirmed the amorphous nature of deposited coatings. The amorphization phenomenon is related to high-strain/strain-rate deformation with shear instability caused by very high particle kinetic energy, with a mechanism that resembles the severe plastic deformation process. The CGS coatings were heat-treated at temperatures ranging from 650 to 850 °C to induce partial recrystallization. The effect of nanocrystal nucleation and growth on the hardness of the coatings was investigated, and the hardness of heat-treated samples was found to increase with respect to as-sprayed coatings, outperforming conventional high-velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) deposits. Hardness was found to decrease after prolonged (<90 min) or higher temperature (>750 °C) exposures.

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Influence of Cold Gas Spray process conditions on the microstructure of Fe-based amorphous coatings

Cited by 63 publications

References 31 publications

Cold spraying – A materials perspective

Cold spraying – A materials perspective

Experimental Verification of Statistically Optimized Parameters for Low-Pressure Cold Spray Coating of Titanium

Amorphous Steel Coatings Deposited by Cold-Gas Spraying

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