Influence of Ce3+ Substitution on Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Properties of ZnCexFe2−xO4 Nanoparticles (X = 0.0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, and 0.08) Conjugated with Ebselen and Its Role Subsidised with γ-Radiation in Mitigating Human TNBC and Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Proliferation In Vitro

Abstract

Cancers are a major challenge to health worldwide. Spinel ferrites have attracted attention due to their broad theranostic applications. This study aimed at investigating the antimicrobial, antibiofilm, and anticancer activities of ebselen (Eb) and cerium-nanoparticles (Ce-NPs) in the form of ZnCexFe2−XO4 on human breast and colon cancer cell lines. Bioassays of the cytotoxic concentrations of Eb and ZnCexFe2−XO4, oxidative stress and inflammatory milieu, autophagy, apoptosis, related signalling effectors, the distribution of cells through the cell-cycle phases, and the percentage of cells with apoptosis were evaluated in cancer cell lines. Additionally, the antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential have been investigated against different pathogenic microbes. The ZOI, and MIC results indicated that ZnCexFe2−XO4; X = 0.06 specimen reduced the activity of a wide range of bacteria and unicellular fungi at low concentration including P. aeruginosa (9.5 mm; 6.250 µg/mL), S. aureus (13.2 mm; 0.390 µg/mL), and Candida albicans (13.5 mm; 0.195 µg/mL). Reaction mechanism determination indicated that after ZnCexFe2−xO4; X = 0.06 treatment, morphological differences in S. aureus were apparent with complete lysis of bacterial cells, a concomitant decrease in the viable number, and the growth of biofilm was inhibited. The combination of Eb with ZFO or ZnCexFe2−XO4 with γ-radiation exposure showed marked anti-proliferative efficacy in both cell lines, through modulating the oxidant/antioxidant machinery imbalance, restoring the fine-tuning of redox status, and promoting an anti-inflammatory milieu to prevent cancer progression, which may be a valuable therapeutic approach to cancer therapy and as a promising antimicrobial agent to reduce the pathogenic potential of the invading microbes.

Influence of Lanthanum Doping on the Photocatalytic and Antibacterial Capacities of Mg0.33Ni0.33Co0.33Fe2O4 Nanoparticles

“…This action is attributed to the interaction of the NPs with the exopolysaccharides and the proteins exerted by the biofilms for attachment, thus preventing the formation of the biofilm [52,60]. In accordance with the use of the same concentrations of the nano-ferrites on the bacterial biofilms in the current study, morphological changes in the bacterial cells were observed, followed by complete lysis of the cells, thus destroying the pre-formed biofilms [61]. were dissolved in deionized water and stirred for 30 min.…”

Nano-selenium enhances melon resistance to Podosphaera xanthii by enhancing the antioxidant capacity and promoting alterations in the polyamine, phenylpropanoid and hormone signaling pathways

“…S1M). The polydispersity index (PDI) calculated from DLS data, where PDI values < 0.05 are fit best to the monodisperse model, whereas PDI values > 0.7 are considered to indicate a polydispersity diffusion of particles [ 32 ]. In our study, the synthesized Nano-Se has a PDI value of 0.085, indicative of a medium dispersity.…”

Potential antibacterial, antibiofilm, and photocatalytic performance of gamma-irradiated novel nanocomposite for enhanced disinfection applications with an investigated reaction mechanism

“…As reported, UV activation of the prepared CdS nanocomposite may produce more OH free radicals. The electron mediator diffuses inside microbial cells and the tested CdS nanocomposite generates free OH radicals which in return destroys microbial cells through microbial coenzymes destruction and reduction of their contents [ 69 ]. As reported, many metal oxide NPs possess net positive charge on their surface while negative charge was found in the outer layer of the tested microbial cells which simply enables the electrostatic attraction leading to the oxidization of cell components and subsequent microbial cell lysis [ 70 ].…”